ANIMALIA LIST OF EXTINCT
SPECIES © Endangered
Species International |
Recommended
citation: Endangered Species International.
2009. List of Recent Extinct Species.
Last Update April 2009.
http://www.endangeredspeciesinternational.org/overview.html |
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The
starting date for the inclusion of extinctions was set at 1500 AD following
the Committee on Recently Extinct Organisms. |
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Phylum |
Class |
Order |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Subspecies |
Common Name |
Former Distribution |
Assessment |
Estimated Extinction Date |
Causes of extinction |
Habitat |
Habitat Notes |
Human losses |
Potential losses |
Citations |
Notes |
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ANNELIDA |
OLIGOCHAETA |
HAPLOTAXIDA |
MEGASCOLECIDAE |
Hypolimnus |
pedderensis |
|
Lake Pedder Earthworm |
Australia: Tasmania |
Extinct |
1970's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Sandy water logged sediments |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Jamieson, B. G. M. (1974). The Indigenous Earthworms
(Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) of Tasmania. Bulletin of
the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology).
26(4): 201-328. |
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ARTHROPODA |
CRUSTACEA |
AMPHIPODA |
CRANGONYCTIDAE |
Stygobromus |
lucifugus |
|
Rubious Cave Amphipod |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Subaquatic |
Food source |
Unknown |
Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr. (1983). How to Know the Freshwater
Crustacea. Wm. C. Brown Co. Publishers. Dubuque, Iowa. |
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PARAMELITIDAE |
Austrogammarus |
australis |
|
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Leaf litter |
Food source |
Unknown |
Deog, T.J. (1997). Gone today, here tomorrow - extinct aquatic
macroinvertebrates in Victoria. Memoirs of the Museum of
Victoria. 56(2):531-535. |
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CALANOIDA |
DIAPTOMIDAE |
Tropodiaptomus |
ctenopus |
|
Unknown |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr. (1983). How to Know the Freshwater
Crustacea. Wm. C. Brown Co. Publishers. Dubuque, Iowa. |
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CYCLOPOIDA |
CYCLOPIDAE |
Afrocyclops |
pauliani |
|
Unknown |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
1950's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Small pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr. (1983). How to Know the Freshwater
Crustacea. Wm. C. Brown Co. Publishers. Dubuque, Iowa. |
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DECAPODA |
ATYIDAE |
Syncaris |
pasadenae |
|
Pasadena Freshwater Shrimp, Pasadena Shrimp |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Rogers, D.C. (2005). Identification manual to the freshwater
Crustacea of the western United States and adjacent areas encountered during
bioassessment. EcoAnalysts, Inc., Technical Publication #1, Moscow, Idaho. |
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ISOPODA |
SPHAEROMATIDAE |
Thermosphaeroma |
thermophilum |
|
Socorro Isopod |
United States |
Extinct in the wild |
1988 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Springs |
Food source |
Unknown |
Lang, B.K., Kelt, D.A.
and Shuster, S.M. (2006). The role of controlled propagation on an endangered
species: demographic effects of habitat heterogeneity among captive and
native populations of the socorro isopod (Crustacea : Flabellifera).
Biodiversity and Conservation. 15(12):3909-3935. |
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PODOCOPIDA |
CYPRIDIDAE |
Liocypris |
grandis |
|
Unknown |
South Africa |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Martens, K. (2003). On a remarkable South African giant
ostracod (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cyprididae) from temporary pools, with
additional appendages. Hydrobiologia.500(1-3):115-130. |
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CANDONIDAE |
Namibcypris |
costata |
|
Unknown |
Namibia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Underground water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Martens, K. (2003). On a remarkable South African giant
ostracod (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cyprididae) from temporary pools, with
additional appendages. Hydrobiologia.500(1-3):115-130. |
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INSECTA |
COLEOPTERA |
CARABIDAE |
Mecodema |
punctellum |
|
Unknown |
New Zealand: Stephens Island |
Extinct |
1931 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Large logs |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Townsend, J. I. (1997).
Checklist of Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast Carabidae. An annotated list
of Carabidae recorded from Nelson/Marlborough and West Coast Conservancies.
Department of Conservation Nelson/Marlborough Conservancy, Nelson, New Zealand.
Occasional Publications No. 29: 19 pp. |
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CURCULIONIDAE |
Dryophthorus |
distinguendus |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Dryotribus |
mimeticus |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Karocolens |
tuberculatus |
|
Canterbury knobbed weevil, Spaniard weevil, Banks Peninsula
speargrass weevil |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1922 |
Habitat destruction and predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Speargrass |
Unknown |
Unknown |
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Thought to have been rediscovered in 2005 |
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Macrancylus |
linearis |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Oedemasylus |
laysanensis |
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Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Pentarthrum |
blackburni |
|
Blackburn's Weevil |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Rhyncogonus |
bryani |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1994 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Trigonoscuta |
rossi |
|
Fort Ross Weevil |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Trigonoscuta |
yorbalindae |
|
Yorba Linda Weevil |
United States |
Extinct |
1986 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
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DYTISCIDAE |
Hygrotus |
artus |
|
Mono Lake Diving Beetle |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Arnett, R.H. (1973). The Beetles of the United States (A
manual for identification). The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. |
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Megadytes |
ducalis |
|
Unknown |
Brazil |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
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Rhantus |
novacaledoniae |
|
Unknown |
New Caledonia |
Extinct |
1994 |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
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Rhantus |
orbignyi |
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Unknown |
Argentina, Brazil |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
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Rhantus |
papuanus |
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Unknown |
Papua New Guinea |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
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Siettitia |
balsetensis |
|
Perrin's Cave Beetle |
France |
Extinct |
1994 |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
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DIPTERA |
DOLICHOPODIDAE |
Campsicnemus |
mirabilis |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Grimshaw, P.H. (1901). Part I. Diptera. Fauna
Hawaiiensis. 3(1): 1-77. 1-3. |
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DROSOPHILIDAE |
Drosophila |
lanaiensis |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1986 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Grimshaw, P.H. (1901). Part I. Diptera. Fauna
Hawaiiensis. 3(1): 1-77. 1-3. |
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TABANIDAE |
Stonemyia |
volutina |
|
Volutine Stoneyian Tabanid Fly |
United States |
Extinct |
1980's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Grimshaw, P.H. (1901). Part I. Diptera. Fauna
Hawaiiensis. 3(1): 1-77. 1-3. |
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EPHEMEROPTERA |
EPHEMERIDAE |
Pentagenia |
robusta |
|
Robust Burrowing Mayfly, Robust Pentagenian Burrowing Mayfly |
United States: Ohio River |
Extinct |
1900's |
Increasing sedimentation |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Rivers |
Unknown |
Unknown |
R. P. Randolph & W. P. McCafferty (1998). Diversity and
distribution of the mayflies (Ephemeroptera) from Illinois, Indiana,
Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Ohio Biological
Survey Bulletin. (1): vii + 188pp. |
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SIPHLONURIDAE |
Acanthometropus |
pecatonica |
|
Pecatonica River Mayfly |
United States |
Extinct |
1980's |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
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HOMOPTERA |
PSEUDOCOCCIDAE |
Clavicoccus |
erinaceus |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1980's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
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Phyllococcus |
oahuensis |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
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LEPIDOPTERA |
ARGYRESTHIIDAE |
Argyresthia |
castaneela |
|
Chestnut Ermine Moth |
United States |
Extinct |
1915 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hodges, Ronald W., et al. (1983). Check List of the
Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge
Entomological Research Foundation, London. |
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COLEOPHORIDAE |
Coleophora |
leucochrysella |
|
Unknown |
United States |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
American Chestnuts |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hodges, Ronald W., et al. (1983). Check List of the
Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge
Entomological Research Foundation, London. |
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GEOMETRIDAE |
Scotorythra |
megalophylla |
|
Kona Giant Looper Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Howarth, F.G., D. Preston, F. Moretzsohn, and M. McShane.
(2003). Invertebrate survey of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge,
Hawaii. Final Report No. 2003-21 to the Hawaii Biological Survey, Honolulu,
Hawaii. |
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Scotorythra |
nesiotes |
|
Ko'Olau Giant Looper Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Howarth, F.G., D. Preston, F. Moretzsohn, and M. McShane.
(2003). Invertebrate survey of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge,
Hawaii. Final Report No. 2003-21 to the Hawaii Biological Survey, Honolulu,
Hawaii. |
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Tritocleis |
microphylla |
|
Ola'A Peppered Looper Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1890's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal Register,
Department of the Interior 54(4): 554-579. |
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LIBYTHEIDAE |
Libythea |
cinyras |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scoble, M.J. (1992). The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and
Diversity. Oxford University Press. |
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LYCAENIDAE |
Deloneura |
immaculata |
|
Unknown |
South Africa |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scoble, M.J. (1992). The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and
Diversity. Oxford University Press. |
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|
Glaucopsyche |
xerces |
|
Xerces Blue |
United States |
Extinct |
1940's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Sand dune |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Emmel, T.C. and Emmel, J.F. (1993). The xerces blue,
Glucopsyche xerces (Boisduval). Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival
Commission; Conservation biology of Lycaenidae (butterflies). 137-138. |
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Lepidochrysops |
hypopolia |
|
Unknown |
South Africa |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Scoble, M.J. (1992). The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and
Diversity. Oxford University Press. |
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NEPTICULIDAE |
Ectodemia |
castaneae |
|
American Chestnut Moth |
United States |
Extinct |
1913 |
Chestnut blight |
Terrestrial |
Forests with chestnut trees |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hodges, Ronald W., et al. (1983). Check List of the
Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge
Entomological Research Foundation, London. |
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Ectodemia |
phleophaga |
|
Phleophagan Chestnut Moth |
United States |
Extinct |
1913 |
Chestnut blight |
Terrestrial |
Forests with chestnut trees |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hodges, Ronald W., et al. (1983). Check List of the
Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge
Entomological Research Foundation, London. |
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NOCTUIDAE |
Agrotis |
crinigera |
|
Poko Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1926 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Howarth, F.G., D. Preston, et al. (2003). Invertebrate survey
of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaii. Final Report No. 2003-21
to the Hawaii Biological Survey, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
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Agrotis |
fasciata |
|
Midway Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
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Agrotis |
kerri |
|
Kerr's Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1923 |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
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|
Agrotis |
laysanensis |
|
Laysan Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1911 |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Howarth, F.G., D. Preston, F. Moretzsohn, and M. McShane.
(2003). Invertebrate survey of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge,
Hawaii. Final Report No. 2003-21 to the Hawaii Biological Survey, Honolulu,
Hawaii. |
|
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Agrotis |
photophila |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Meyrick, E. (1899). Macrolepidoptera. In: Fauna Hawaiensis.
David Sharp, editor. 1(2):123-275. Cambridge University Press, U. K. |
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Agrotis |
procellaris |
|
Procellaris Grotis Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1800's |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Helicoverpa |
confusa |
|
Confused Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents and habitat
loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Helicoverpa |
minuta |
|
Minute Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Hypena |
laysanensis |
|
Laysan Dropseed Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1911 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Hypena |
newelli |
|
Hilo Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Deliberate targets of exotic biocontrol agents |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Hypena |
plagiota |
|
Lovegrass Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1950's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
Hypena |
senicula |
|
Kaholuamano Noctuid Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal
Register, Department of the Interior 54(4):
554-579. |
|
|
|
PYRALIDAE |
Genophantis |
leahi |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Oeobia |
sp. nov. |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
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TISCHERIIDAE |
Tischeria |
perplexa |
|
Chestnut Clearwing Moth |
United States |
Extinct |
1900's |
Chestnut blight |
Terrestrial |
Forests with chestnut trees |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hodges, Ronald W., et al. (1983). Check List of the
Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E.W. Classey Limited and The Wedge
Entomological Research Foundation, London. |
|
|
|
ZYGAENIDAE |
Levuana |
irridescens |
|
Levuana Moth |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
ODONATA |
COENAGRIONIDAE |
Megalagrion |
jugorum |
|
Maui Upland Damselfly |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1930's |
Feral ungulates and ants |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Upland ridges |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Moore, N.W. (1983). Territorial behaviour in the genus Megalagrion McLachlan
(Zygoptera:Coenagrionidae). Odonatoligica 12(1):87-92. |
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LIBELLULIDAE |
Sympetrum |
dilatatum |
|
St. Helena Darter |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Silsby, Jill. (2001). Dragonflies of the
World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington
D.C. |
|
|
ORTHOPTERA |
ACRIDIDAE |
Conozoa |
hyalina |
|
Central Valley Grasshopper |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Low dry desert flats |
Food source |
Unknown |
Otte, D. (1994-1995). Orthoptera Species File, Volumes 1-5.
The Orthopterists' Society and The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. |
|
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|
GRYLLIDAE |
Leptogryllus |
deceptor |
|
Oahu Deceptor Bush Cricket |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct in the wild |
Unknown |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Rotting wood in forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal Register,
Department of the Interior 54(4): 554-579. |
|
|
|
TETTIGONIIDAE |
Neduba |
extincta |
|
Antioch Dunes Shieldback Katydid |
United States |
Extinct |
1980's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1989). Endangered and
threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal Register,
Department of the Interior 54(4): 554-579. |
|
|
PHASMIDA |
DIAPHEROMERIDAE |
Pseudobactricia |
ridleyi |
|
Ridley's Stick Insect |
Singapore |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss and collection for traditional medicine |
Terrestrial |
Tropical rainforest |
Food source |
Possible medicinal properties |
|
|
|
PLECOPTERA |
CHLOROPERLIDAE |
Alloperla |
roberti |
|
Robert's Stonefly |
United States |
Extinct |
1860 |
Unknown |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Harris, M.A., D.W. Webb. (1995). The stoneflies (Plecoptera)
of Illinois revisited. Journal Kansas Entomological Society 67:340-346. |
|
|
TRICHOPTERA |
HYDROPSYCHIDAE |
Hydropsyche |
tobiasi |
|
Tobias' Caddisfly |
Germany |
Extinct |
1938 |
Urban and river pollution |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Rivers |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
LEPTOCERIDAE |
Triaenodes |
phalacris |
|
Athens Caddisfly |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Clemson University Department of Entomology. (2002).
Trichoptera World Checklist. Continual updates by John Morse. Last updated 5
September 2006. |
|
|
|
Triaenodes |
tridonata |
|
Three-tooth Caddisfly |
United States |
Extinct |
1930's |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Franz, R. (1982). Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida: Volume
Six: Invertebrates. University Press of Florida: Gainesville, Florida. |
|
|
|
RHYACOPHILIDAE |
Rhyacophila |
amabilis |
|
Castle Lake Caddisfly |
United States |
Extinct |
pre-1950 |
Unknown |
Freshwater, Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Erman, N.A. and C.D. Nagano. (1992). A review of the
California caddisflies (Trichoptera) listed as candidate species on the 1989
federal "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Animal Notice of
Review". California Fish and Game 78(2): 24-56. |
|
|
|
|
|
CHORDATA |
ACTINOPTERYGII |
CYPRINIFORMES |
CATOSTOMIDAE |
Chasmistes |
muriei |
|
Snake River Sucker |
United States: Snake River |
Extinct |
1927 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Eschmeyer, William N. (1998). Catalog of Fishes. Special
Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1,
vol 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, USA.
2905. |
|
|
|
Moxostoma |
lacerum |
|
Harelip Sucker |
United States |
Extinct |
1893 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Deep pools and large streams |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries. 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
CYPRINIDAE |
Acanthobrama |
hulensis |
|
Unknown |
Israel: Hula basin |
Extinct |
1975 |
Draining of Lake Hula |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Acanthobrama |
telavivensis |
|
Yarqon Bleak |
Israel |
Extinct in the wild |
1999 |
Drought, water extraction and pollution |
Freshwater |
Coastal rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
Elron, E., Gasith, A., and Goren, M. (2006). Reproductive
strategy of a small endemic cyprinid, the Yarqon bleak (Acanthobrama
telavivensis), in a mediterranean-type stream. Environmental
biology of fishes. 77(2): 141-155. |
|
|
|
Alburnus |
akili |
|
Gokce Baligi |
Turkey |
Extinct |
1998 |
Introduction of Pikeperch Sander
lucioperca and over fishing |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Barbus |
microbarbis |
|
Unknown |
Rwanda: Lake Luhonda |
Extinct |
1950 |
Bycatch in fisheries and introduction of Tilapia and Haplochromis species |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
De Vos, L., Snoeks, J, et al. (1990). The effects of Tilapia
introductions in Lake Luhondo, Rwanada. Environmental
Biology of Fishes. 27(4): 303-308. |
|
|
|
Chondrostoma |
scodrense |
|
Unknown |
Albania, Montenegro |
Extinct |
1881 |
Pollution and Overfishing |
Freshwater |
Lacustrine |
Food source |
Unknown |
Maric, D. (1995). Endemic fish species of Montenegro. Biological Conservation
72:187-194. |
|
|
|
Cyprinus |
yilongensis |
|
Unknown |
China |
Extinct |
1977 |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Epalzeorhynchos |
bicolor |
|
Red Tailed Shark, Red-tailed Labeo, Redtail Shark |
Thailand |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Aquarium fish trade and habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Deep water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Doi, A. (1997). A review of taxonomic studies of cypriniform
fishes in Southeast Asia. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 44(1):1-33 |
|
|
|
Evarra |
bustamantei |
|
Mexican Dace |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1957 |
Drying of lakes and pollution |
Freshwater |
Pools and canals |
Food source |
Unknown |
Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley,
et al (2004). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States,
Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29,
Bethesda, Maryland |
|
|
|
Evarra |
eigenmanni |
|
Platau Dace |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1954 |
Drying of lakes and pollution |
Freshwater |
Pools and canals |
Food source |
Unknown |
Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley,
et al (2004). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States,
Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29,
Bethesda, Maryland |
|
|
|
Evarra |
tlahuacensis |
|
Endorheic Dace |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1975 |
Drying of lakes and pollution |
Freshwater |
Pools and canals |
Food source |
Unknown |
Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley,
et al (2004). Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States,
Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29,
Bethesda, Maryland |
|
|
|
Gila |
crassicauda |
|
Thicktail Chub |
United States: Central Valley |
Extinct |
1957 |
Drainage of habitat and competition from introduced species. |
Freshwater |
Marshes, lakes and slow flowing parts of lower elevation
rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
Lepidomeda |
altivelis |
|
Pahranagat Spinedace |
United States |
Extinct |
1938 |
Introduction of common carp, mosquito fish Gambusia affinis and other exotics |
Freshwater |
Outflow from springs and lakes. |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
Notropis |
amecae |
|
Ameca Shiner |
Mexico: Rio Ameca |
Extinct |
1969 |
Domestic and agricultural use, and pollution of water, and
species introduction |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Chernoff, B. and R.R. Miller (1986). Fishes of the Notropis
calientis complex with a key to the southern shiners of Mexico. Copeia (1):170-183. |
|
|
|
Notropis |
aulidion |
|
Durango Shiner |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1961 |
Urbanisation |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Almada-Villela, P.C. (1990). Status of threatened Mexican
fishes. J. Fish Biol. 37
(Suppl. A):197-199. |
|
|
|
Notropis |
orca |
|
Phantom Shiner |
Mexico, United States |
Extinct |
1975 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Notropis |
saladonis |
|
Salado Shiner |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1992 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Pogonichthys |
ciscoides |
|
Clear Lake Splittail |
United States: California |
Extinct |
1970 |
Habitat modification and pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. et al (1980). A
list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and
Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. |
|
|
|
Rhinichthys |
deaconi |
|
Las Vegas Dace |
United States |
Extinct |
1940 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Springs and pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. et al (1980). A
list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and
Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. |
|
|
|
Romanogobio |
antipai |
|
Danube Delta Gudgeon |
Romania, Ukraine |
Extinct |
1960 |
Urbanisation |
Freshwater |
Deep water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Naseka, A.M. and J. Freyhof (2004). Romanogobio
parvus, a new gudgeon from River Kuban, southern
Russia (Cyprinidae, Gobioninae). Ichthyol.
Explor. Freshwat. 15(1):17-23. |
|
|
|
Stypodon |
signifer |
|
Stumptooth Minnow |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1903 |
Habitat modification and pollution |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Telestes |
ukliva |
|
Unknown |
Croatia |
Extinct |
1988 |
Introduction of exotic species |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
CYPRINODONTIFORMES |
CYPRINODONTIDAE |
Cyprinodon |
alvarezi |
|
Perrito De Potosi |
Mexico |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Haas, G. (1979). Intergeneric hybridization in a sympatric
pair of Mexican Cyprinodontid fishes. Copeia (1):149-152. |
|
|
|
Cyprinodon |
ceciliae |
|
Cachorrito De La Presa |
Mexico: Ojo de Agua La Presa |
Extinct |
1988 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Lozano-Vilano, M. de L. and S. Conteras-Balderas (1993). Four
new species of Cyprinodon
from southern Nuevo León, Mexico, with a key to the C. eximius complex (Teleostei:
Cyprinodontidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters 4(4):295-308. |
|
|
|
Cyprinodon |
inmemoriam |
|
Cachorrito De La Trinidad |
Mexico: Ojo de Agua La Presa |
Extinct |
1984 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cyprinodon |
latifasciatus |
|
Perrito De Parras |
Mexico: Parras |
Extinct |
1903 |
Habitat destruction and pollution |
Freshwater |
Spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cyprinodon |
longidorsalis |
|
Cachorrito De Charco Palmal |
Mexico: Charco la Palma |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Shallow spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Lozano-Vilano, M. de L. and S. Conteras-Balderas (1993). Four
new species of Cyprinodon
from southern Nuevo León, Mexico, with a key to the C. eximius complex (Teleostei:
Cyprinodontidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters 4(4):295-308. |
|
|
|
Cyprinodon |
spp. |
|
Perritos De Sandia |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1996 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Empetrichthys |
merriami |
|
Ash Meadows Killifish |
United States |
Extinct |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
Fundulus |
albolineatus |
|
Whiteline Topminnow |
United States |
Extinct |
1889 |
Habitat modification and introduced species |
Freshwater |
Spring pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
Megupsilon |
aporus |
|
Cachorrito Enano De Potosi |
Mexico |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
GOODEIDAE |
Ameca |
splendens |
|
Goodeid |
Mexico |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R.R. and J.M. Fitzsimons (1971). Ameca
splendens, a new genus and species of Goodeid
fish from Western Mexico, with remarks on the classificaiton of the
Goodeidae. Copeia
1971:1-13 |
|
|
|
Characodon |
garmani |
|
Parras Characodon |
Mexico: Parras |
Extinct |
1880 |
Pollution |
Freshwater |
Springs |
Food source |
Unknown |
Almada-Villela, P.C. (1990). Status of threatened Mexican
fishes. J. Fish Biol. 37
(Suppl. A):197-199 |
|
|
|
Skiffia |
francesae |
|
Tiro |
Mexico |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Kingston, D.I. (1978). Skiffia francesae, a new species of goodeid fish from Western Mexico. Copeia. (3):503-508. |
|
|
|
POECILIIDAE |
Aplocheilichthys |
sp. nov. 'Naivasha' |
|
Unknown |
Kenya: Lake Naivasha |
Extinct |
1980 |
Competition and predation from introduced species |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Gambusia |
amistadensis |
|
Amistad Gambusia |
United States: Texas |
Extinct |
1968 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Springs and pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Hubbs, C., and B. L. Jensen. (1984). Extinction of GAMBUSIA
AMISTADENSIS, an endangered fish. Copeia 1984:529-30. |
|
|
|
Gambusia |
georgei |
|
San Marcos Gambusia |
United States |
Extinct |
1983 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Springs and rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
Pantanodon |
madagascariensis |
|
Unknown |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
1999 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Springs and rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Priapella |
bonita |
|
Guayacon Ojiazul |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1990 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
GASTEROSTEIFORMES |
GASTEROSTEIDAE |
Gasterosteus |
crenobiontus |
|
Techirghiol Stickleback |
Romania: Lake Techirghiol |
Extinct |
1994 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Kottelat, M. (1997). European freshwater fishes. Biologia 52 (Suppl). 5:1-271. |
|
|
PERCIFORMES |
CICHLIDAE |
Ctenochromis |
pectoralis |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River and lakes |
Food source |
Unknown |
Seegers, L., L. De Vos and D.O. Okeyo (2003). Annotated
checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine
haplochromines from Lake Victoria). J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 92:11-47. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
arcanus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1969 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
|
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
artaxerxes |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Greenwood, P.H. (1981). The Haplochromine fishes of the East
African lakes. Kraus International Publications, München. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
bartoni |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; near dense plant stands |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Greenwood, P.H. (1981). The Haplochromine fishes of the East
African lakes. Kraus International Publications, München. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
boops |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
cassius |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
decticostoma |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1969 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
dentex |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; sheltered bays |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
estor |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; sheltered bays |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
flavipinnis |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
gilberti |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1978 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
gowersii |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
ishmaeli |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Uganda |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Stiassny, M.L.J, Meyer A. (1999). Cichlids of the Rift lakes.
Scientific American. 280
(2): 64-69. |
|
|
|
Haplochromis |
lividus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Uganda |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
longirostris |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; over sand |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
macrognathus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lakes; sheltered gulf |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
mandibularis |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; inshore |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
martini |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1960 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; exposed shores |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
michaeli |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
mylergates |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1978 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
nanoserranus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1978 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; off-shore |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
nigrescens |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1912 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
nyanzae |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
obtusidens |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
pachycephalus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
paraguiarti |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; beaches |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
paraplagiostoma |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1969 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
percoides |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1962 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; shallow waters |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
perrieri |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
pharyngomylus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1960 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
prognathus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
pseudopellegrini |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
teegelaari |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
thuragnathus |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Haplochromis |
xenostoma |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1982 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake; over mud |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Hoplotilapia |
retrodens |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1991 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Platytaeniodus |
degeni |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Ptychochromis |
sp. nov. 'Kotro' |
|
Unknown |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
1962 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Ptychochromoides |
itasy |
|
Unknown |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
1960 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Pyxichromis |
parorthostoma |
|
Unknown |
Kenya, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduction of Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth and Pollution |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Knowledge of genetic diversity |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
Tristramella |
intermedia |
|
Unknown |
Israel: Hula basin |
Extinct |
1970 |
Draining of lake |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Tristramella |
magdelainae |
|
Unknown |
Syrian Arab Republic |
Extinct |
1950 |
Drought, pollution and water extraction |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Xystichromis |
bayoni |
|
Unknown |
Uganda |
Extinct |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Yssichromis |
sp. nov. 'argens' |
|
Unknown |
Tanzania: Lake Victoria |
Extinct in the wild |
1996 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Barlow, G. W. (2000). The Cichlid Fishes. Cambridge, MA:
Perseus Publishing; Goudswaard, K.P.C., Witte.F. and Katunzi, E.F.B. (2008).
The invasion of an introduced predator, Nile perch (Lates niloticus, L.) in
Lake Victoria (East Africa): chronology and causes. Environmental biology of fishes.
81(2): 127-139. |
|
|
PERCIDAE |
Etheostoma |
sellare |
|
Maryland Darter |
United States |
Extinct |
1988 |
Habitat degradation |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Knapp, L. (1976). Redescription, relationships and status of
the endangered Maryland darter, ETHEOSTOMA SELLARE (Radcliffe and Welsh). Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington
89(6):99-117. |
|
|
SALMONIFORMES |
RETROPINNIDAE |
Prototroctes |
oxyrhynchus |
|
New Zealand Grayling |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1923 |
Introduced trout and the deterioration of the freshwater
habitat |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
SALMONIDAE |
Coregonus |
alpenae |
|
Longjaw Ciscoe |
Canada, United States |
Extinct |
1975 |
Overfished and predation from introduced species |
Freshwater |
Lake; deepwater |
Food source |
Unknown |
Jensen, A.L. (1999). Extinction in multiple species fisheries
harvested with the same gear - The Great Lakes ciscoes. Journal
of Great Lakes research. 25(4): 892-896. |
|
|
|
Coregonus |
bezola |
|
Bezoule |
France: Lake Bourget |
Extinct |
1960 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Kottelat, M. (1997). European freshwater fishes. Biologia. 52 (Suppl). 5:1-271 |
|
|
|
Coregonus |
fera |
|
Féra |
France, Switzerland |
Extinct |
1920 |
Eutrophication and overfishing |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Kottelat, M. (1997). European freshwater fishes. Biologia. 52 (Suppl). 5:1-271 |
|
|
|
Coregonus |
gutturosus |
|
Bodensee Kilch |
Switzerland |
Extinct |
1972 |
Eutrophication and overfishing |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Kottelat, M. (1997). European freshwater fishes. Biologia. 52 (Suppl). 5:1-271 |
|
|
|
Coregonus |
hiemalis |
|
Gravenche |
Switzerland |
Extinct |
1950 |
Overfishing and species introductions |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Coregonus |
johannae |
|
Deepwater Ciscoe |
Canada, United States |
Extinct |
1952 |
Overfishing and species introductions |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Parker, B. J. (1989). Status of the deepwater cisco,
COREGONUS JOHANNAE, in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 103:168-170. |
|
|
|
Coregonus |
nigripinnis |
|
Blackfin Cisco |
Canada, United States |
Extinct |
1880 |
Overfishing, sea lamprey predation, and introgressive
hybridization |
Freshwater |
Lake; deepwater |
Food source |
Unknown |
Parker, B. J. (1989). Status of the blackfin cisco, COREGONUS
NIGRIPINNIS, in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 103:158-162. |
|
|
|
|
Coregonus |
oxyrinchus |
|
Houting |
Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom |
Extinct |
1940 |
Pollution |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Unknown |
Freyhof, J. and C. Schöter. (2005). The houting Coregonus
oxyrinchus(L.)(Salmoniformes: Coregonidae), a globally extinct species from
the North Sea basin. Journal of Fish Biology 67:3, 713-729. |
|
|
|
|
Coregonus |
restrictus |
|
Férit, Kröpfer |
Switzerland: Lake Morat |
Extinct |
1885 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Salmo |
pallaryi |
|
Unknown |
Morocco |
Extinct |
1930 |
Introduction of common carp |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Salvelinus |
agassizi |
|
Silver Trout |
United States |
Extinct |
1930 |
Overfishing and species introductions |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Miller, R. R., J. D. Williams, and Williams, J.E. (1989).
Extinctions of North American fishes during the past century. Fisheries 14(6):22-38. |
|
|
|
|
Salvelinus |
neocomensis |
|
Unknown |
Switzerland |
Extinct |
1904 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Freyhof, J. and M. Kottelat (2005). Salvelinus
evasus sp. n., a charr from deep waters of Lake
Ammersee, southern Germany (Teleostei: Salmonidae), with comments on two
extinct species. Rev. Suisse Zool. 112(1): 253-269. |
|
|
|
|
Salvelinus |
profundus |
|
Tiefseesaibling |
Austria, Germany, Switzerland |
Extinct |
1970 |
Pollution (Eutrophication) |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Stenodus |
leucichthys |
|
Beloribitsa |
Azerbaijan, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Kazakhstan, Russian
Federation, Turkmenistan |
Extinct |
2004 |
Overfishing and construction of dams |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
SCORPAENIFORMES |
COTTIDAE |
Cottus |
echinatus |
|
Utah Lake Sculpin |
United States |
Extinct |
1928 |
Pollution and introduction of species |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Koster, W. J. (1939). Some phases of the life history and
relationships of the cyprinid. CLINOSTOMUS ELONGATUS (Kirtland). Copeia 1939(4):201-208. |
|
|
|
SILURIFORMES |
TRICHOMYCTERIDAE |
Rhizosomichthys |
totae |
|
Greasefish |
Colombia |
Extinct |
1957 |
Seismic activity and introduction of species |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
AMPHIBIA |
ANURA |
ALYTIDAE |
Discoglossus |
nigriventer |
|
Hula Painted Frog |
Israel |
Extinct |
1955 |
Habitat loss and modification |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Freshwater habitats |
Unknown |
Medicinal properties |
Steinitz, H. (1955). Occurrence of Discoglossus nigriventer
in Israel. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel B 5: 192-193. |
|
|
|
|
BUFONIDAE |
Adenomus |
kandianus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka |
Extinct |
1900's |
Urbanisation |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Pethiyagoda, R. (1998). A synopsis
of the Sri Lankan Bufonidae (Amphibia: Anura), with description of two new
species. J. South Asian nat. Hist., 3(2),
213-248. |
|
|
|
|
|
Anaxyrus |
baxteri |
|
Wyoming Toad |
United States: Wyoming |
Extinct in the wild |
Unknown |
Amphibian chytrid fungus and Chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Floodplain ponds |
Food source |
Unknown |
Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis, and D. C. Cannatella. (2004). The
history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography
of the Nearctic toads (Bufo).
Evolution 58: 2517–2535. |
|
|
|
|
Atelopus |
ignescens |
|
Unknown |
Ecuador: Chimborazo and Bolívar Provinces, in the
Inter-Andean valleys |
Extinct |
1988 |
Disease (chytridiomycosis), climatic change, habitat loss and
the introduction of predatory non-native trout |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Humid montane forest, humid sub-páramo, and páramo |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Ruthven, A. G. (1916). Description of a New Species of
Atelopus from the Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. Occasional
Papers of the Museum of Zoology. 1 (28): 1–3. |
|
|
|
|
Atelopus |
longirostris |
|
Unknown |
Ecuador |
Extinct |
1989 |
Possibly climate change, pollution and habitat loss |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Lowland and montane tropical rainforests |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Galvis, P.A. & Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. (2005). Atelopus
longirostris. In: Rueda-Almonacid et al. Ranas Arlequines. Conservation
International, Serie Libretas de Campo |
|
|
|
|
Atelopus |
vogli |
|
Unknown |
Venezuela |
Extinct |
1933 |
Habitat modification to agricultural use |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Semi-deciduous humid forest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
|
Incilius |
holdridgei |
|
Holdridge's Toad |
Costa Rica |
Extinct |
1986 |
Disease (chytridiomycosis) and climate change |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Lower montane forests |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Frost, D. (2006). The Amphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 364 |
|
|
|
|
Incilius |
periglenes |
|
Golden Toad |
Costa Rica |
Extinct |
1989 |
Restricted range, global warming, chytridiomycosis and
airborne pollution |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Cloud and elfin forest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Jacobson, S. K. and J.J. Vandenberg. (1991). Reproductive
ecology of the endangered golden toad (Bufo periglenes). Journal
of Herpetology 25(3):321-327. |
|
|
|
CRAUGASTORIDAE |
Craugastor |
chrysozetetes |
|
Unknown |
Honduras |
Extinct |
1990's |
Deforestation from agricultural encroachment, human
settlement, logging, fires and landslides |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Premontane wet forest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
|
Craugastor |
escoces |
|
Unknown |
Costa Rica |
Extinct |
1986 |
Chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Streams in premontane and lower montane rainforest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
|
Craugastor |
milesi |
|
Unknown |
Honduras |
Extinct |
1992 |
Habitat loss, degradation and the disease chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Streams in premontane and lower montane rainforest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
DICROGLOSSIDAE |
Nannophrys |
guentheri |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
HYLIDAE |
Phrynomedusa |
fimbriata |
|
Unknown |
Brazil: "Alto da Serra" |
Extinct |
1920's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
MYOBATRACHIDAE |
Rheobatrachus |
silus |
|
Southern Gastric Brooding Frog, Southern Platypus Frog |
Australia |
Extinct |
1981 |
Habitat loss and possibly the disease chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Wet sclerophyll forest and riverine gallery open forest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Tyler, M.J. (1994): Australian Frogs - A
Natural History. Reed Books |
|
|
|
|
Rheobatrachus |
vitellinus |
|
Eungella Gastric-brooding Frog, Northern Gastric Brooding
Frog |
Australia |
Extinct |
1985 |
Habitat loss and possibly the disease chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Rainforest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Tyler, M.J. (1994): Australian Frogs - A
Natural History. Reed Books |
|
|
|
|
Taudactylus |
diurnus |
|
Mount Glorious Day Frog, Mount Glorious Torrent Frog,
Southern Day Frog |
Australia |
Extinct |
1979 |
Habitat loss and possibly the disease chytridiomycosis |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Montane rainforest |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
RANIDAE |
Lithobates |
fisheri |
|
Las Vegas Leopard Frog |
United States: Las Vegas |
Extinct |
1942 |
Habitat loss and introduction of Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Freshwater streams, springs, seeps, and adjacent riparian
habitat |
Food source |
Medicinal proporties |
Hillis, D.M. & Wilcox, T.P. (2005): Phylogeny of the New
World true frogs (Rana). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 34(2): 299–314. |
|
|
|
RHACOPHORIDAE |
Philautus |
adspersus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1886 |
Habitat loss through conversion of land to agricultural use |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
dimbullae |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Queenwood Estate, Dimbulla, Ceylon |
Extinct |
1950's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
eximius |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Queenwood Estate, Dimbulla, Ceylon |
Extinct |
1930's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Molur, S. (2008). South Asian Amphibians: taxonomy, diversity
and conservation status. International Zoology Yearbook. 22: 143-157. |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
extirpo |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka |
Extinct |
1882 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Molur, S. (2008). South Asian Amphibians: taxonomy, diversity
and conservation status. International Zoology Yearbook. 22: 143-157. |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
halyi |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Pattipola, Ceylon |
Extinct |
1899 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
hypomelas |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1876 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Molur, S. (2008). South Asian Amphibians: taxonomy, diversity
and conservation status. International Zoology Yearbook. 22: 143-157. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
leucorhinus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1856 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Molur, S. (2008). South Asian Amphibians: taxonomy, diversity
and conservation status. International Zoology Yearbook. 22: 143-157. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
maia |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka |
Extinct |
1970's |
Habitat loss: clearing of cloud forest |
Terrestrial |
Montane rainforest. |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., et al. (2007).
New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia : Rhacophoridae
: Philautus). Zootaxa. 1397:
1. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
malcolmsmithi |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1930's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Manamendra-Arachchi, K., and Pethiyagoda, R. (2005). The Sri
Lankan shrub-frogs of the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Ranidae :
Rhacophorinae), with description of 27 new species. Raffles
bulletin of zoology. 12:163-303. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
nanus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: southern Ceylon |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
nasutus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
oxyrhynchus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Molur, S. (2008). South Asian Amphibians: taxonomy, diversity
and conservation status. International Zoology Yearbook. 22: 143-157. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
pardus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Forest |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., et al. (2007).
New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia : Rhacophoridae
: Philautus). Zootaxa. 1397:
1. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
rugatus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1927 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Manamendra-Arachchi, K., and Pethiyagoda, R. (2005). The Sri
Lankan shrub-frogs of the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Ranidae :
Rhacophorinae), with description of 27 new species. Raffles
bulletin of zoology. 12:163-303. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
stellatus |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Nuwara Eliya |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
temporalis |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
travancoricus |
|
Unknown |
India |
Extinct |
1900's |
Deforestation through conversion of land to agricultural use
and urban development |
Terrestrial |
Tropical moist evergreen forest |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
|
Philautus |
variabilis |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., et al. (2007).
New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia : Rhacophoridae
: Philautus). Zootaxa. 1397:
1. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
zal |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Ceylon |
Extinct |
1950's |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., et al. (2007).
New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia : Rhacophoridae
: Philautus). Zootaxa. 1397:
1. |
|
|
|
Philautus |
zimmeri |
|
Unknown |
Sri Lanka: Point de Galle, Ceylon |
Extinct |
1930's |
Habitat loss and urbanisation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Medicinal proporties |
|
|
|
CAUDATA |
PLETHODONTIDAE |
Plethodon |
ainsworthi |
|
Ainsworth's Salamander |
United States |
Extinct |
1964 |
Habitat loss |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Lazell, J. (1998). New salamander of the genus Plethodon from
Mississippi. Copeia. 4:
967-970. |
|
|
|
|
SALAMANDRIDAE |
Cynops |
wolterstorffi |
|
Yunnan Lake Newt |
China: Kunming Lake and the surrounding areas in Yunnan |
Extinct |
1979 |
Habitat destruction, habitat degradation, land reclamation,
duck farming and introduction of exotic fish and frog species |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Shallow lake waters and adjacent irrigation channels, ponds
and marshes |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
AVES |
ANSERIFORMES |
ANATIDAE |
Alopochen |
kervazoi |
|
Reunion Shelduck, Réunion Shelduck |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1687 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Freshwater pools and streams |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1994). A new genus, three new species and two
new records of extinct Holocene birds from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean. Geobios 27(1): 87–93. |
|
|
|
|
Alopochen |
mauritianus |
|
Mauritius Shelduck, Mauritian Shelduck |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1698 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Woods and dry ponds |
Food source |
Unknown |
Pimm, S., Raven, P., Peterson., A., et al (2006). Human
impacts on the rates of recent, present, and future bird extinctions.Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences of the United
States of America.103(29):10941-10946. |
|
|
|
|
Anas |
marecula |
|
Amsterdam Duck, Amsterdam Island Duck |
Amsterdam Island: French Southern Territories |
Extinct |
1793 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Marshes and pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S.L. & Jouventin, P. (1996). A new species of
small flightless duck from Amsterdam Island, southern Indian Ocean (Anatidae:
Anas). Condor 98: 1–9. |
|
|
|
|
Anas |
theodori |
|
Mauritius Duck, Mauritian Duck |
Mauritius, Réunion |
Extinct |
1690 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Marshes and pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Camptorhynchus |
labradorius |
|
Labrador Duck |
Canada, United States |
Extinct |
1878 |
Overhunting, harvesting of eggs and decline food sources |
Terrestrial |
Harbours and estuaries |
Food source |
Unknown |
Chilton, G. (1997). Labrador Duck (Camptorhynchus
labradorius). Pp. 1-12 in Poole, A. and Gill, F.,
eds. The birds of North America, No. 307. Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C.: The Academy of Natural
Sciences, and The American Ornithologists' Union. |
|
|
|
|
Mergus |
australis |
|
Auckland Islands Merganser, Auckland Island Merganser |
New Zealand: Auckland Islands |
Extinct |
1902 |
Hunting and predation by introduced pigs, rats, cats and dogs |
Freshwater |
Inland streams and estuaries |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, G. R. & Weller, M. W. (1974). Unsuccessful
search for the Auckland Islands Merganser (Mergus
australis). Notornis 21(3): 246-249. |
|
|
|
APODIFORMES |
TROCHILIDAE |
Chlorostilbon |
bracei |
|
Brace's Emerald |
Bahamas |
Extinct |
1890 |
Habitat loss and modification |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Graves, G.R. and Olson, S.L. (1987). Chlorostilbon bracei
Lawrence, an extinct species of Hummingbird from New Providence Island,
Bahamas. The Auk. 104(2):
296-302. |
|
|
|
|
Chlorostilbon |
elegans |
|
Gould's Emerald |
Bahamas, Jamaica |
Extinct |
1860 |
Human disturbance and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Weller, A.-A. (1999). On types of trochilids in The Natural
History Museum, Tring II. Re-evaluation of Erythronot elegans Gould 1860: a
presumed extinct species of the genus Chlorostilbon. Bull.
Brit. Ornithol. Club 119: 197-202. |
|
|
|
CHARADRIIFORMES |
ALCIDAE |
Pinguinus |
impennis |
|
Great Auk |
Canada, Faroe Islands, Greenland; Iceland; Ireland; United
Kingdom |
Extinct |
1852 |
Hunting for its feathers, meat, fat and oil, and specimen
collecting |
Marine |
Remote rocky islands |
Food source, oil and feathers. |
Unknown |
Jordan, R. H. & Olson, S.L. (1982). First Record of the
Great Auk (Pinguinus impennis) from Labrador. Auk 99(1): 167-168 |
|
|
|
|
HAEMATOPODIDAE |
Haematopus |
meadewaldoi |
|
Canary Islands Oystercatcher, Canarian Black Oystercatcher |
Portugal, Spain |
Extinct |
1940 |
Overharvesting of invertebrates, disturbance by people,
predation by rats and cats |
Terrestrial |
Coastal areas |
Food source (eggs) |
Unknown |
Bannerman, D.A. (1969). A probable sight record of a Canarian
black oystercatcher. Ibis
111: 257. |
|
|
|
|
SCOLOPACIDAE |
Prosobonia |
ellisi |
|
White-winged Sandpiper |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1700's |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Streams |
Food source |
Unknown |
Walters, M. (1991). Prosobonia ellisi, an extinct species of sandpiper from Moorea, Society
Islands. Bollettino di Museo Regionale di Scienze
Naturali Torino 9: 217-226 |
|
|
|
|
Prosobonia |
leucoptera |
|
Tahitian Sandpiper, Tahiti Sandpiper |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1700's |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Upland streams |
Food source |
Unknown |
Zusi Richard L. & Jehl, Robert R. Jr. (1970). The
systematic relationships of Aechmorhynchus, Prosobonia and Phegornis
(Charadriiformes; Charadrii). Auk 87: 760-780. |
|
|
|
CICONIIFORMES |
ARDEIDAE |
Ixobrychus |
novaezelandiae |
|
Black-backed Bittern, New Zealand Bittern, New Zealand Little
Bittern |
Australia, New Zealand |
Extinct |
1890 |
Overhunting and introduced species |
Freshwater |
Inland wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Holdaway, R.N. (1999). Introduced predators and avifaunal
extinction in New Zealand. Pp. 189-238 in MacPhee, R.D.E., ed. Extinctions in near time: causes, contexts and consequences. New York: Plenum Press. |
|
|
|
|
Nycticorax |
duboisi |
|
Reunion Night-heron, Réunion Night-heron |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1700 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Inland wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Celile, M.C., et al. (2006). Recent avian extinctions on
Reunion (Mascarene Islands) from paleontological and historical sources. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 126:40-48. |
|
|
|
Nycticorax |
mauritianus |
|
Mauritius Night-heron |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1600's |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Inland wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Mourer-Chauvire, C., Bou,r R., Ribes, S., and Moutou, F.
(1999). The avifauna of Reunion Island (Mascarene Islands) at the time of the
arrival of the first Europeans. Avian paleontology at
the close of the 20th century. 89:1-38. |
|
|
|
Nycticorax |
megacephalus |
|
Rodrigues Night-heron |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1761 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Inland wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Mourer-Chauvire, C., Bou,r R., Ribes, S., and Moutou, F.
(1999). The avifauna of Reunion Island (Mascarene Islands) at the time of the
arrival of the first Europeans. Avian paleontology at
the close of the 20th century. 89:1-38. |
|
|
|
THRESKIORNITHIDAE |
Threskiornis |
solitarius |
|
Reunion Ibis, Réunion Flightless Ibis, Réunion Ibis, Réunion
Solitaire |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1700's |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Inland wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Mourer-Chauviré, C., Bour, R. and Ribes, S. (1995). Was the
Solitaire of Réunion an ibis? Nature 373: 568. |
|
|
COLUMBIFORMES |
COLUMBIDAE |
Alectroenas |
nitidissima |
|
Mauritius Blue-pigeon |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1830's |
Hunting and habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
Alectroenas |
rodericana |
|
Rodrigues Blue-pigeon, Rodrigues Pigeon |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1750's |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
Caloenas |
maculata |
|
Liverpool Pigeon |
Unknown |
Extinct |
1500's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Gibbs, D., Barnes, E. & Cox, J. (2001). Pigeons and Doves. A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the
World. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica Press. |
|
|
|
Columba |
duboisi |
|
Reunion Pigeon, Réunion Pigeon |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1700 |
Introduction of rats and cats, and over hunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Adler, G.H. (1994) Avifaunal diversity and endemism on
tropical Indian Ocean islands. J. Biogeogr. 21: 85-95. |
|
|
|
Columba |
jouyi |
|
Ryukyu Pigeon, Ryukyu Wood Pigeon |
Japan |
Extinct |
1930's |
Habitat loss and over hunting |
Terrestrial |
Undisturbed sub-tropical forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994) Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
Columba |
versicolor |
|
Bonin Wood-pigeon |
Japan |
Extinct |
1889 |
Deforestation, hunting, and predation by introduced rats and
cats |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Brazil, M. A. (1991) The birds of Japan. London: Chistopher Helm. |
|
|
|
Dysmoropelia |
dekarchiskos |
|
St Helena Dove |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1500's |
Human disturbance |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Ectopistes |
migratorius |
|
Passenger Pigeon |
Canada, Cuba, Mexico, United States |
Extinct |
1914 |
Habitat loss, Newcastle Disease and over hunting |
Terrestrial |
Temperate forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Dury, C. (September 1910). The Passenger Pigeon. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 21: 52–56 |
|
|
|
Gallicolumba |
ferruginea |
|
Tanna Ground-dove |
Vanuatu |
Extinct |
1800 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
Gallicolumba |
norfolciensis |
|
Norfolk Island Ground-dove |
Australia: Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
1800 |
Introduction of rats and cats, and over hunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Holdaway, R., and Anderson, A. (2001). Avifauna from the
Emily Bay settlement site, Norfolk Island: A preliminary account. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement. 27:85-100. |
|
|
|
Gallicolumba |
salamonis |
|
Thick-billed Ground-dove |
Solomon Islands |
Extinct |
1927 |
Hunting, habitat destruction and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Dry beach forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Dutson, Guy (2003), Is the Thick-billed Ground-Dove
Gallicolumba salamonis extant? Ibis 145: 175 |
|
|
|
Microgoura |
meeki |
|
Choiseul Pigeon |
Solomon Islands |
Extinct |
1904 |
Predation by feral dogs and cats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994).
Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04) |
|
|
|
Ptilinopus |
mercierii |
|
Red-moustached Fruit-dove |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1922 |
Predation by the introduced Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus), as well as by
introduced rats and cats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Holyoak, D. T. and Thibault, J. -C. (1984). Contribution à
l'étude des oiseaux de Polynésie orientale. Mem. Mus.
Natl. Hist. Nat. Ser. A, Zool. 127: 1-209. |
|
|
|
|
Zenaida |
graysoni |
|
Socorro Dove |
Mexico |
Extinct in the wild |
1972 |
Hunting, locust outbreaks, predation by cats |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical lowland forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Martínez-Gómez (2003). Returning the Socorro Dove to its
ancestral home in Mexico. Re-introduction News 23: 24-25. |
|
|
|
|
RAPHIDAE |
Pezophaps |
solitaria |
|
Rodrigues Solitaire |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1760's |
Hunting and introduction of cats |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical dry forest and shrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Raphus |
cucullatus |
|
Dodo |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1681 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Dry lowland forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Shapiro, B., Sibthorpe, D., Rambaut, A., Austin, et al.
(2002). Flight of the Dodo. Science 295: 1683 |
|
|
|
CORACIIFORMES |
UPUPIDAE |
Upupa |
antaios |
|
St Helena Hoopoe |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1502 |
Overhunting and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Temperate forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1975). An evaluation of the supposed Anhinga of
Mauritius. Auk 92: 374-376. |
|
|
|
CUCULIFORMES |
CUCULIDAE |
Coua |
delalandei |
|
Snail-eating Coua, Delalande's Coua |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
1834 |
Deforestation, hunting, and predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Food source and feathers. |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J. and Stuart, S. N. (1985). Threatened
birds of Africa and related islands: the ICBP/IUCN Red Data Book. Cambridge, U.K.: International Council for Bird
Preservation, and International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources |
|
|
|
|
Nannococcyx |
psix |
|
St Helena Cuckoo |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1700's |
Deforestation |
Terrestrial |
Temperate forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1975). An evaluation of the supposed Anhinga of
Mauritius. Auk 92: 374-376. |
|
|
|
FALCONIFORMES |
FALCONIDAE |
Caracara |
lutosa |
|
Guadalupe Caracara |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1900 |
Deforestation and persecution |
Terrestrial |
Shrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
Falco |
buboisi |
|
Reunion Kestrel, Réunion Kestrel |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1600's |
Persecution |
Terrestrial |
Shrubland |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowles, G.S. (1994) A new genus, three new species and two
new records of extinct Holocene birds from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean. GeoBios 27: 87-93. |
|
|
|
GALLIFORMES |
CRACIDAE |
Mitu |
mitu |
|
Alagoas Curassow |
Brazil |
Extinct in the wild |
1980's |
Habitat destruction and poaching |
Terrestrial |
Lowland primary forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Silveira, L.F., Olmos, F. and Long, A.J. (2004) Taxonomy,
history and status of Alagoas Curassow Mitu mitu (Linnaeus, 1766), the
world's most threatened cracid. Ararajuba 12: 125-132. |
|
|
|
|
PHASIANIDAE |
Argusianus |
bipunctatus |
|
Double-banded Argus |
Indonesia, Malaysia |
Extinct |
1800's |
Hunting and habitat degradation |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Davison, G. W. H. (1983) Notes on the extinct Argusianus bipunctatus (Wood). Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 103:
86-88. |
|
|
|
|
Coturnix |
novaezelandiae |
|
New Zealand Quail |
New Zealand: Barrier Islands |
Extinct |
1875 |
Predation by dogs, cats and rats, and grazing by sheep.
Diseases spread by introduced game birds |
Terrestrial |
Grass covered downs |
Food source |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
GRUIFORMES |
RALLIDAE |
Aphanapteryx |
bonasia |
|
Red Rail |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700 |
Overhunting and introduced cats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Aphanapteryx |
leguati |
|
Rodrigues Rail |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1761 |
Overhunting and introduced cats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987). The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Aramides |
gutturalis |
|
Red-throated Wood-rail |
Peru |
Extinct |
1894 |
Hunting and habitat degradation |
Terrestrial |
Humid forests and mangroves |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, P. B. (1996) Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules and Coots).
Pp. 108-209 in del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J., eds. Handbook of
the birds of the world. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. |
|
|
|
|
Atlantisia |
elpenor |
|
Ascension Crake, Ascension Flightless Crake |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1815 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Dry shrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1973) Evolution of the rails of the South
Atlantic Islands (Aves: Rallidae). Smithson. Contrib.
Zool. 152: 1-53. |
|
|
|
|
Atlantisia |
podarces |
|
St Helena Crake |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1502 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1973) Evolution of the rails of the South
Atlantic Islands (Aves: Rallidae). Smithson. Contrib.
Zool. 152: 1-53. |
|
|
|
|
Cabalus |
modestus |
|
Chatham Rail, Chatham Island Rail, Chatham Islands Rail |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1900 |
Predation, habitat degradation and competition with the
larger Dieffenbach's Rail (Gallirallus dieffenbachii) |
Terrestrial |
Scrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Tennyson, A.J.D. and Millener, P.R. (1994) Bird extinctions
and fossil bones from Mangere Island, Chatham Islands. Notornis
(suppl.) 41: 165-78. |
|
|
|
|
Diaphorapteryx |
hawkinsi |
|
Hawkins's Rail |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1800's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Temperate forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooper, J.H. and Tennyson, A.J.D. (2004) New evidence on the
life and death of Hawkins' rail (Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi): Moriori accounts recorded by Sigvard Dannefaerd and
Alexander Shand. Notornis 51: 212-216. |
|
|
|
|
Fulica |
newtoni |
|
Mascarene Coot |
Mauritius, Réunion |
Extinct |
1693 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987) The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Gallinula |
nesiotis |
|
Tristan Moorhen, Tristan Gallinule |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1890's |
Hunting, predation by rats, cats and pigs, and habitat
destruction |
Terrestrial |
Marshes and pools |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Gallirallus |
dieffenbachii |
|
Dieffenbach's Rail |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1872 |
Predation by introduced rats, cats and dogs, and habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Scrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Tennyson, A.J.D. and Millener, P.R. (1994) Bird extinctions
and fossil bones from Mangere Island, Chatham Islands. Notornis
(suppl.) 41: 165-78. |
|
|
|
|
Gallirallus |
owstoni |
|
Guam Rail |
Guam, Northern Mariana Islands |
Extinct in the wild |
1987 |
Predation by the brown tree-snake |
Terrestrial |
Forest, savanna, scrub and secondary grassland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Gallirallus |
pacificus |
|
Tahiti Rail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1930's |
Introduced rats and cats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Gallirallus |
wakensis |
|
Wake Island Rail |
United States: United States Minor Outlying Islands |
Extinct |
1945 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Scrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Greenway, J. C. (1967) Extinct and
vanishing birds of the world. Second (revised)
edition. New York: Dover Publications. |
|
|
|
|
Nesoclopeus |
poecilopterus |
|
Bar-winged Rail |
Fiji |
Extinct |
1973 |
Introduced cats and mongooses |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
|
Porphyrio |
albus |
|
White Gallinule, Lord Howe Island Swamphen, Lord Howe
Swamphen |
Australia |
Extinct |
1834 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Porphyrio |
coerulescens |
|
Reunion Gallinule, Réunion Gallinule |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1730 |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Montane forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
|
Porphyrio |
kukwiedei |
|
New Caledonia Gallinule |
New Caledonia |
Extinct |
1800's |
Overhunting |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Balouet, J. -C. and Olson, S. L. (1989) Fossil
birds from late Quaternary deposits in New Caledonia. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institute (Smithsonian
Contributions to Zoology 469). |
|
|
|
|
Porphyrio |
mantelli |
|
North Island Takahe |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1800's |
Hunting and habitat alteration |
Terrestrial |
Tropical high altitude grassland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Livezey, B.C. (1998) A phylogenetic analysis of the
Gruiformes (Aves) based on morphological characters, with an emphasis on the
rails (Rallidae). Philosophical Transactions of the
Royal Society Series B:Biological Sciences 353:
2077-2151. |
|
|
|
|
Porzana |
astrictocarpus |
|
St Helena Rail |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1500's |
Introduced predators |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1973) Evolution of the rails of the South
Atlantic Islands (Aves: Rallidae). Smithson. Contrib.
Zool. 152: 1-53. |
|
|
|
|
Porzana |
monasa |
|
Kosrae Crake |
Micronesia, Federated States of |
Extinct |
1800's |
Predation by introduced rats |
Freshwater |
Subtropical moist forest, marshes and bogs |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Porzana |
nigra |
|
Miller's Rail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1700's |
Introduced predators |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Walters, M. (1988) Probable validity of Rallus nigra Miller,
an extinct species from Tahiti. Notornis 35: 265-269. |
|
|
|
Porzana |
palmeri |
|
Laysan Rail, Laysan Crake |
United States |
Extinct |
1940's |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Grass tussocks and thickets |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
|
Porzana |
sandwichensis |
|
Hawaiian Rail, Hawaiian Crake |
United States |
Extinct |
1884 |
Predation by rats, cats, dogs and people |
Terrestrial |
Clearing in inland forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the
rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica
Press. |
|
|
PASSERIFORMES |
ACANTHISITTIDAE |
Traversia |
lyalli |
|
Stephens Island Wren |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1894 |
Habitat destruction and predation by lighthouse keepers cat |
Terrestrial |
Rocky ground |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Worthy, T.H. and Holdaway, R.N. (1994) Scraps from an owl's
table---predator activity as a significant taphonomic process newly
recognised from New Zealand Quaternary deposits. Alcheringa 18: 229-245. |
|
|
|
Xenicus |
longipes |
|
Bush Wren, Bushwren, New Zealand Bush Wren |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1972 |
Introduced predators |
Terrestrial |
Montane forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
ACANTHIZIDAE |
Gerygone |
insularis |
|
Lord Howe Gerygone, Lord Howe Island Gerygone |
Australia |
Extinct |
1936 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
CALLAEATIDAE |
Heteralocha |
acutirostris |
|
Huia |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1907 |
Habitat loss, predation and disease |
Terrestrial |
Primary forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Williams, G. R. (1976) The New Zealand Wattlebirds
(Callaeatidae). Pp. 161-170 in Frith, H.J. and Calaby, J.H., eds. Proceedings
of the 16th International Ornithological Congress, August 1974. Canberra,
Australia: Australian Academy of Sciences. |
|
|
|
CORVIDAE |
Corvus |
hawaiiensis |
|
Hawaiian Crow |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct in the wild |
2002 |
Habitat alteration, collection and shooting, and introduced
species |
Terrestrial |
Wet forest and scrubland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Conry, P. J., David, R., Derrickson, S., Fitzpatrick, J., et
al. (2003) Draft revised recovery plan for the Alala
(Corvus Hawaiiensis. Portland, OR, USA: US Fish
and Wildlife Service. |
|
|
|
FRINGILLIDAE |
Chaunoproctus |
ferreorostris |
|
Bonin Grosbeak |
Japan |
Extinct |
1890 |
Habitat destruction, and introduced rats and cats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
Chloridops |
kona |
|
Kona Grosbeak, Grosbeak Finch |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1894 |
Habitat alteration and avian malaria |
Terrestrial |
Naio forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
Ciridops |
anna |
|
Ula-ai-hawane, Ula-'ai-hawane |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1937 |
Habitat alteration and avian malaria |
Terrestrial |
`ohi`a and loulu palm Pritchardia forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
Drepanis |
funerea |
|
Black mamo |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1907 |
Habitat destruction, and predation by rats and mongooses |
Terrestrial |
Wet forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
James, H.F. and Olson, S.L. (1991) Descriptions of thirty-two
new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part 2. Passeriformes. Ornithol. Monogr. 46: 1-88. |
|
|
|
Drepanis |
pacifica |
|
Hawaii Mamo, Hawai'I Mamo |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1899 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
`ohi`a forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
Dysmorodrepanis |
munroi |
|
Lanai Hookbill, Lana'I Hookbill |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1918 |
Habitat destruction and predation by cats and rats |
Terrestrial |
Montane forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Snetsinger, T.J., Reynolds, M.H. and Herrmann, C.M. (1998)
'O'u (Psittirostra psittacea) and Lana'i Hookbill (Dysmorodrepanis munroi).
Pp. 1-20 in Poole, A. and Gill, F., eds. The birds of North America, No.
335-336. Philadelphia: The Birds of North America, Inc. |
|
|
|
Hemignathus |
ellisianus |
|
Greater Akialoa |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1969 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
`ohi`a forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
Hemignathus |
obscurus |
|
Lesser Akialoa |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1940 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
`ohi`a forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
Hemignathus |
sagittirostris |
|
Greater Amakihi, Greater 'Amakihi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1901 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Moist forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
Paroreomyza |
flammea |
|
Kakawahie, Molokai Creeper |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1963 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
`ohi`a forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
James, H.F. and Olson, S.L. (1991) Descriptions of thirty-two
new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part 2. Passeriformes. Ornithol. Monogr. 46: 1-88. |
|
|
|
|
Rhodacanthis |
flaviceps |
|
Lesser Koa-finch |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1891 |
Habitat alteration and avian malaria |
Terrestrial |
Montane forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
Rhodacanthis |
palmeri |
|
Greater Koa-finch |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1890's |
Habitat alteration and avian malaria |
Terrestrial |
Koa forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
ICTERIDAE |
Quiscalus |
palustris |
|
Slender-billed Grackle |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1910 |
Draining of its tule-cattail and sedge habitat |
Terrestrial |
Freshwater marshes and pools |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
MELIPHAGIDAE |
Anthornis |
melanocephala |
|
Chatham Bellbird, Chatham Island Bellbird |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1906 |
Habitat destruction, introduced rats and cats, and
over-collection for the Museum trade |
Terrestrial |
Dense forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Oliver, W. R. B. (1955) New Zealand birds. Second edition.
Wellington, New Zealand: Reed. |
|
|
|
|
|
Chaetoptila |
angustipluma |
|
Kioea |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1859 |
Deforestation, introduced predators and avian malaria |
Terrestrial |
Montane forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
James, H.F. and Olson, S.L. (1991) Descriptions of thirty-two
new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part 2. Passeriformes. Ornithol. Monogr. 46: 1-88. |
|
|
|
|
|
Moho |
apicalis |
|
Oahu Oo, O'Ahu 'o'o |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1837 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pratt, H.D. (1994) Avifaunal change in the Hawaiian Islands,
1893-1993. Stud. Avian Biol. 15: 103-118. |
|
|
|
|
|
Moho |
bishopi |
|
Bishop's Oo, Bishop's 'o'o, Molokai 'O'o |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat destruction, disease and introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pratt, H.D. (1994) Avifaunal change in the Hawaiian Islands,
1893-1993. Stud. Avian Biol. 15: 103-118. |
|
|
|
|
|
Moho |
braccatus |
|
Kauai Oo, Kaua'I 'o'o |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1987 |
Habitat destruction, disease and introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pratt, H.D. (1994) Avifaunal change in the Hawaiian Islands,
1893-1993. Stud. Avian Biol. 15: 103-118. |
|
|
|
|
|
Moho |
nobilis |
|
Hawaii Oo, Hawai'I 'o'o |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1934 |
Habitat destruction and disease |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pratt, T.K., Banko, P.C., Fancy, S.G., Lindsey, G.D. and
Jacobi, J.D. (1997) Status and management of the Palila, an endangered
Hawaiian honeycreeper, 1987-1996. Pac. Conserv. Biol. 3: 330-340. |
|
|
|
|
MONARCHIDAE |
Myiagra |
freycineti |
|
Guam Flycatcher, Guam Broadbill |
Guam |
Extinct |
1983 |
Introduction of brown tree snake |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
|
Pomarea |
fluxa |
|
Eiao Monarch |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1977 |
Introduced predators e.g. rats, avian disease and habitat
destruction |
Terrestrial |
Dry forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cibois, A., Thibault, J.-C. and Pasquet, E. (2004)
Biogeography of Eastern Polynesian Monarchs (Pomarea): an endemic genus close to extinction. Condor 106: 837-851. |
|
|
|
|
Pomarea |
mira |
|
Ua Pou Monarch |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1985 |
Introduced predators e.g. rats, avian disease and habitat
destruction |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Thibault, J.-C. and Meyer, J.-Y. (2001) Contemporary
extinction and population declines of the monarchs (Pomarea spp.) in French
Polynesia, South Pacific. Oryx 35: 73-80 |
|
|
|
|
Pomarea |
nukuhivae |
|
Nuku Hiva Monarch |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1972 |
Introduced predators e.g. rats, avian disease and habitat
destruction |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Thibault, J.-C. and Meyer, J.-Y. (2001) Contemporary
extinction and population declines of the monarchs (Pomarea spp.) in French
Polynesia, South Pacific. Oryx
35: 73-80 |
|
|
|
|
Pomarea |
pomarea |
|
Maupiti Monarch |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1823 |
Habitat lost and predation from introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Subtropical forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pratt, T.K., Banko, P.C., Fancy, S.G., Lindsey, G.D. and
Jacobi, J.D. (1997) Status and management of the Palila, an endangered
Hawaiian honeycreeper, 1987-1996. Pac. Conserv. Biol. 3: 330-340. |
|
|
|
|
STURNIDAE |
Aplonis |
corvina |
|
Kosrae Starling |
Micronesia, Federated States of |
Extinct |
1880 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical montane moist forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
|
Aplonis |
fusca |
|
Norfolk Island Starling, Norfolk Starling, Tasman Starling |
Australia, Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
1915 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hindwood, K. A. (1940) The birds of Lord Howe Island. Emu 40: 1-86. |
|
|
|
|
Aplonis |
mavornata |
|
Mysterious Starling |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
1800's |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1986) An early account of some birds from
Mauke, Cook Islands, and the origin of the "Mysterious Starling"
Aplonis mavornata Buller. Notornis 33: 197-208. |
|
|
|
|
Fregilupus |
varius |
|
Reunion Starling, Réunion Starling |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1850's |
Introduced disease, forest fires, drought, deforestation and
hunting |
Terrestrial |
Tropical lowland moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cheke, A. S. (1987) The ecology of the surviving native
land-birds of Réunion. Pp. 301-358 in Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies
in Mascarene island birds. Cambridge, U.K.:
Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Necropsar |
rodericanus |
|
Rodrigues Starling, Rodriguez Starling |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Hunting, habitat destruction introduced mammals |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cheke, A. S. (1987) The ecology of the surviving native
land-birds of Réunion. Pp. 301-358 in Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies
in Mascarene island birds. Cambridge, U.K.:
Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
SYLVIIDAE |
Bowdleria |
rufescens |
|
Chatham Fernbird, Chatham Island Fernbird, Chatham Islands
Fernbird |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1900 |
Habitat loss, overgrazing by introduced goats and rabbits,
and predation by cats |
Terrestrial |
Low brushland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
Nesillas |
aldabrana |
|
Aldabra Warbler, Aldabra Brush Warbler, Aldabra
Brush-warbler, Aldabra Bush-warbler, Aldabra
Tsikirity |
Seychelles |
Extinct |
1983 |
Rat predation and degradation of its habitat by tortoises and
goats |
Terrestrial |
Dense coastal vegetation |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
|
TURDIDAE |
Myadestes |
myadestinus |
|
Kamao, Hawaiian Thrush, Kama'o |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1989 |
Disease, habitat destruction, competition with introduced
species and hurricane damage |
Terrestrial |
Dense montane forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Reynolds, M. H. and Snetsinger, T. J. (2001) The Hawai`i Rare
Bird Search 1994-1996. Stud. Avian Biol. 22: 133-143. |
|
|
|
|
Myadestes |
woahensis |
|
Amaui, 'amaui |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1825 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
|
Turdus |
ravidus |
|
Grand Cayman Thrush |
Cayman Islands |
Extinct |
1938 |
Habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Forest |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Johnston, D. W. (1969) The thrushes of Grand Cayman Island,
B. W. I. Condor 71: 120-128. |
|
|
|
|
Zoothera |
terrestris |
|
Bonin Thrush |
Japan |
Extinct |
1800's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Greenway, J. C. (1967) Extinct and
vanishing birds of the world. Second (revised)
edition. New York: Dover Publications. |
|
|
|
|
TURNAGRIDAE |
Turnagra |
capensis |
|
South Island Piopio, New Zealand Thrush, Piopio |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1963 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forest undergrowth |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
|
Turnagra |
tanagra |
|
North Island Piopio |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1900 |
Habitat destruction and predation by people, cats and rats |
Terrestrial |
Forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
|
ZOSTEROPIDAE |
Zosterops |
strenuus |
|
Robust White-eye |
Australia |
Extinct |
1928 |
Predation by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Forest and scrubby vegetation |
Food source |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
PELECANIFORMES |
PHALACROCORACIDAE |
Phalacrocorax |
perspicillatus |
|
Pallas's Cormorant |
Russian Federation |
Extinct |
1850's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Rocky shores |
Food source |
Unknown |
Siegel-Causey, D., Lefevre, C. and Savinetskii, A.B. (1991)
Historical diversity of cormorants and shags from Amchitka Island, Alaska. Condor 93: 840-852. |
|
|
|
|
SULIDAE |
Sula |
tasmani |
|
Tasman Booby |
Australia: Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
1788 |
Overhunting and predation from invasive species |
Terrestrial |
Sandy coastlines |
Food source |
Unknown |
van Tets, G. F., Meredith, C. W., Fullager, P. J. and
Davidson, P. M. (1988) Osteological differences between Sula and Morus, and a
description of an extinct new species of Sula from Lord Howe and Norfolk
Islands, Tasman Sea. Notornis
35: 35-37. |
|
|
|
PODICIPEDIFORMES |
PODICIPEDIDAE |
Podiceps |
andinus |
|
Colombian Grebe |
Colombia |
Extinct |
1977 |
Wetland drainage, siltation, pollution, disruption by reed
harvesting, hunting and predation by rainbow trout |
Freshwater |
Wetlands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
Podilymbus |
gigas |
|
Atitlan Grebe, Atitlán Grebe, Giant Grebe, Giant Pied-billed
Grebe |
Guatemala |
Extinct |
1986 |
Habitat destruction, disturbance and introduced species |
Freshwater |
Freshwater lake |
Food source |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
PROCELLARIIFORMES |
PROCELLARIIDAE |
Bulweria |
bifax |
|
Small St Helena Petrel, St. Helena Bulwer's Petrel |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1502 |
Hunting and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Open sea |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1975) Paleornithology of St Helena Island,
South Atlantic Ocean. Smithson. Contrib. Paleobiol. 23: 1-49. |
|
|
|
Pterodroma |
rupinarum |
|
Large St Helena Petrel, St Helena Gadfly Petrel |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
1502 |
Hunting and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Open sea |
Food source |
Unknown |
Olson, S. L. (1975) Paleornithology of St Helena Island,
South Atlantic Ocean. Smithson. Contrib. Paleobiol. 23: 1-49. |
|
|
PSITTACIFORMES |
PSITTACIDAE |
Amazona |
martinicana |
|
Martinique Amazon, Martinique Parrot |
Martinique |
Extinct |
1700's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Clark, A. H. (1905) The West Indian parrots. Auk 22: 337-34 |
|
|
|
Amazona |
violacea |
|
Guadeloupe Amazon, Guadeloupe Parrot |
Guadeloupe |
Extinct |
1780's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Clark, A. H. (1905) The West Indian parrots. Auk 22: 337-34 |
|
|
|
Ara |
atwoodi |
|
Dominican Green-and-yellow Macaw |
Dominica |
Extinct |
1700's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Clark, A. H. (1908) The macaw of Dominica. Auk 25: 309-311. |
|
|
|
Ara |
erythrocephala |
|
Jamaican Green-and-yellow Macaw |
Jamaica |
Extinct |
1800's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Montane forest |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Rothschild, W. (1905) Notes on extinct parrots from the West
Indies. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 16: 13-15. |
|
|
|
Ara |
gossei |
|
Jamaican Red Macaw |
Jamaica |
Extinct |
1700's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Rothschild, W. (1905) Notes on extinct parrots from the West
Indies. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 16: 13-15. |
|
|
|
Ara |
guadeloupensis |
|
Lesser Antillean Macaw |
Guadeloupe, Martinique |
Extinct |
1760's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Rothschild, W. (1905) Notes on extinct parrots from the West
Indies. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 16: 13-15. |
|
|
|
Ara |
tricolor |
|
Cuban Macaw |
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
1800's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
Aratinga |
labati |
|
Guadeloupe Parakeet |
Guadeloupe |
Extinct |
1700's |
Over exploitation |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Rothschild, W. (1905) Notes on extinct parrots from the West
Indies. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 16: 13-15. |
|
|
|
Conuropsis |
carolinensis |
|
Carolina Parakeet |
United States |
Extinct |
1910's |
Persecution, habitat destruction and competition from
introduced bees |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
Cyanoramphus |
lietanus |
|
Raiatea Parakeet |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1800's |
Habitat destruction, hunting and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Knox, A.G. and Walters, M.P. (1994). Extinct
and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. Tring, U.K.: British Ornithologists' Club (British
Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications No. 1). |
|
|
|
Cyanoramphus |
zealandicus |
|
Black-fronted Parakeet |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
1800's |
Habitat destruction, hunting and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
Lophopsittacus |
bensoni |
|
Mauritius Grey Parrot |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Holyoak, D. T. (1973) An undescribed extinct parrot from
Mauritius. Ibis 115:
417-418. |
|
|
|
Lophopsittacus |
mauritianus |
|
Broad-billed Parrot, Mauritius Parrot |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1600's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987) The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Mascarinus |
mascarinus |
|
Mascarene Parrot |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1834 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Necropsittacus |
rodericanus |
|
Rodrigues Parrot |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Nestor |
productus |
|
Norfolk Island Kaka, Norfolk Kaka |
Australia: Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
1800's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Forshaw, J. M. (1989) Parrots of the
world. Third (revised) edition. London: Blandford
Press. |
|
|
|
|
Psephotus |
pulcherrimus |
|
Paradise Parrot, Beautiful Parakeet |
Australia |
Extinct |
1927 |
Reduction in food supply, fire, drought, disease and trapping |
Terrestrial |
Open savanna |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife
Conservation Series 04). |
|
|
|
|
Psittacula |
exsul |
|
Newton's Parakeet |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1800's |
Habitat loss and hunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987) The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Psittacula |
wardi |
|
Seychelles Parakeet, Seychelles Parrot |
Seychelles |
Extinct |
1906 |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Lionnet, G. (1984) Extinct birds of the Seychelles. Monogr. Biol. 55: 505-511. |
|
|
|
STRIGIFORMES |
STRIGIDAE |
Mascarenotus |
grucheti |
|
Reunion Owl, Réunion Owl |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1600's |
Hunting, deforestation and the depredations of introduced
predators |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowles, G. S. (1987) The fossil record. Pp. 90-100 in
Diamond, A.W., ed. Studies of Mascarene Island birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
|
Mascarenotus |
murivorus |
|
Rodrigues Owl |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Hunting, deforestation and the overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Mourer-Chauviré, C., Bour, R., Moutou, F. and Ribes, S.
(1994) Mascarenotus nov.
gen. (Aves, Strigiformes), genre endémique éteint des Mascareignes et M. gracheti n. sp. espéce éteinte
de la Réunion. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 318: 1699-1706. |
|
|
|
|
Mascarenotus |
sauzieri |
|
Mauritius Owl |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1859 |
Deforestation and hunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source |
Unknown |
Mourer-Chauviré, C., Bour, R., Moutou, F. and Ribes, S.
(1994) Mascarenotus nov.
gen. (Aves, Strigiformes), genre endémique éteint des Mascareignes et M. gracheti n. sp. espéce éteinte
de la Réunion. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 318: 1699-1706. |
|
|
|
|
Sceloglaux |
albifacies |
|
Laughing Owl |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1930's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Open country and forest edge |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, G. R. and Harrison, M. (1972) The Laughing Owl
Sceloglaux albifacies (Grey, 1844), a general survey of a near-extinct
species. Notornis 19: 4-19 |
|
|
|
STRUTHIONIFORMES |
DROMAIIDAE |
Dromaius |
ater |
|
King Island Emu |
Australia |
Extinct |
1800's |
Overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Shady lagoons and coastlines |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
|
|
Dromaius |
baudinianus |
|
Kangaroo Island Emu |
Australia |
Extinct |
1840's |
Habitat alteration and overhunting |
Terrestrial |
Forests |
Food source and feathers |
Unknown |
Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. and Wege, D.
C. (1998) Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation.
Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series 07). |
|
|
CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI |
PETROMYZONTIFORMES |
PETROMYZONTIDAE |
Eudontomyzon |
sp. nov. 'migratory' |
|
Ukrainian Migratory Lamprey |
Moldova, Russian Federation, Ukraine |
Extinct |
1800's |
Possibly hunting |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
MAMMALIA |
CARNIVORA |
CANIDAE |
Dusicyon |
australis |
|
Falkland Islands dog, Falkland Islands wolf |
Falkland Islands |
Extinct |
1876 |
Exterminated as a pest species. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Fur, Food source |
Unknown |
Bortulos, A. and Schwindt, E. (2007). What would Darwin have
written now? Biodiversity and Conservation. 16(2): 337-345. |
|
|
|
|
EUPLERIDAE |
Cryptoprocta |
spelea |
|
Giant Fossa |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Fur, Food source |
Unknown |
SM Goodman, RM Rasoloarison, JU Ganzhorn (2004). On the
specific identification of subfossil Cryptoprocta (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Madagascar. Zoosystema 26:
129–143. |
|
|
|
|
FELIDAE |
Panthera |
tigris |
balica |
Bali Tiger |
Bali |
Extinct |
1950's |
Hunting, and loss of forest habitat and prey base |
Terrestrial |
Shoreline region |
Fur |
Unknown |
Mazák J.H., C.P. Groves. (2006). A taxonomic revision of the
tigers (Panthera tigris) of Southeast Asia. Mammalian
biology 71, 5:268–287. |
|
|
|
|
Panthera |
tigris |
virgata |
Caspian Tiger, Hyrcanian Tiger, Turan Tiger |
Afghanistan, Turkey, Mongolia, Iran, Northern Iraq,
Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Russia |
Extinct |
1970's |
Hunting, and loss of habitat and large wild prey |
Terrestrial |
Desert environment |
Fur |
Unknown |
Mazák, V. (1981). Panthera tigris. Mammal. Species 152: 1-8. |
|
|
|
|
Panthera |
tigris |
sondaica |
Javan Tiger |
Java |
Extinct |
1970's |
Habitat destruction and hunting |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Fur |
Unknown |
Mazák J.H., C.P. Groves. (2006). A taxonomic revision of the
tigers (Panthera tigris) of Southeast Asia. Mammalian
biology. 71, 5:268–287. |
|
|
|
|
MUSTELIDAE |
Neovison |
macrodon |
|
Sea Mink |
United States |
Extinct |
1876 |
Hunting |
Terrestrial; Marine |
Rocky shores |
Fur. |
Unknown |
Mead, J.I., Speiss, A.E., and Sobolik, K.D. (2000). Skeleton
of extinct North American sea mink (Mustela macrodon). Quaternary
Research 53:247–262. |
|
|
|
|
OTARIIDAE |
Zalophus |
japonicus |
|
Japanese Sea Lion |
NW Pacific Japan: Korea, Democratic People's Republic of,
Korea, Republic of, Russian Federation |
Extinct |
1950's |
Persecution from fishermen |
Marine |
Coastal areas, mainly sandy beaches |
Oil, skin |
Possible medicinal properties |
Itoo, T. (1985). New cranial materials of the Japanese sea
lion, Zalophus californianus japonicus (Peters, 1866). Journal of the
Mammalogical Society of Japan, 10:135-148. |
|
|
|
|
PHOCIDAE |
Monachus |
tropicalis |
|
Caribbean Monk Seal, West Indian Monk Seal, West Indian Seal |
Bahamas, Colombia Island, Cuba, Dominican Republic,
Guadeloupe, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, United States |
Extinct |
1952 |
Hunted for skins and oil, persecuted by fishermen |
Marine |
Rocky or sandy coastline and islands |
Oil, skin |
Unknown |
Allen, J.A. (1890). The West Indian Seal (Monachus
tropicalis Gray).
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.
2:1-35. |
|
|
|
CETARTIODACTYLA |
BOVIDAE |
Alcelaphus |
buselaphus |
buselaphus |
Bubal Hartebeest |
North Africa |
Extinct |
1954 |
Hunting |
Terrestrial |
Rocky habitats |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Bos |
primigenius |
|
Auroch, Uro |
Europe: British Isles and southern Scandinavia, to northern
Africa, the Middle East, central Asia and India |
Extinct |
1627 |
Hunting |
Freshwater |
Swamp forests e.g. river valleys, and drier forests and open
parkland |
May have been domesticated, loss of Food source |
Unknown |
Vuure, T. van. (2002). History,
morphology and ecology of the Aurochs (Bos primigenius). Lutra 45-1. |
|
|
|
|
Gazella |
bilkis |
|
Queen Of Sheba's Gazelle, Yemen Gazelle |
Yemen: mountains near Ta’izz |
Extinct |
1951 |
Hunting |
Terrestrial |
Euphorbia-covered hillsides at altitudes of 1,230 - 2,150 m |
Food source |
Unknown |
Arnaud, G, et al. (1993). Bilkis gazelle in Yemen-status and
taxonomic relationships. Oryx.
27(4):239-244. |
|
|
|
|
Gazella |
saudiya |
|
Saudi Gazelle |
Arabian Peninsula |
Extinct in the wild |
1980's |
Over hunting and degradation of habitat |
Terrestrial |
Acacia, gravel and sandy plains |
Major Food source |
Unknown |
R.E. Lewis, J.H. Lewis and D.H. Harrison (1965). On a
collection of mammals from northern Saudi Arabia. Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond. 144:61–74. |
Surviving captive animals. |
|
|
|
Hippotragus |
leucophaeus |
|
Bluebuck |
South Africa: southern coastal areas |
Extinct |
1799/1800 |
Hunting |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Loss of Food source |
Unknown |
Colahan, B.D. (1990). Did the last blue antelope Hippotragus
leucophaeus die in the Eastern Orange Free State, South Africa? Mirafra 7 (2): 51-52. |
|
|
|
|
Kobus |
leche |
robertsi |
Roberts' Lechwe |
Zambia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial, Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Oryx |
dammah |
|
Scimitar-horned oryx |
Algeria, Burkina Faso, Chad, Egypt, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,
Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tunisia, Sahara |
Extinct in the wild |
1988 |
Over hunting (for horns), habitat loss, competition with
domestic livestock |
Terrestrial |
Sub-desert, annual grassland, rolling dunes |
Horns |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Ourebia |
ourebi |
|
Kenya Oribi |
Kenya |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Londt, J. (2006). A review of the Afrotropical genus
Rhabdogaster Loew, 1858 with descriptions of new species (Diptera : Asilidae
: Stenopogoninae). African Invertebrates. 47:243-313. |
|
|
|
|
CERVIDAE |
Elaphurus |
davidianus |
|
Père David's Deer, Pere David's Deer |
China |
Extinct in the wild |
2008 |
Habitat loss and hunting (eaten by Western and Japanese army) |
Terrestrial |
Low-lying grasslands and reed beds |
Food source |
Unknown |
Molinska-Glura, M., Szwaczkowski, T. and Molinski, K. (2008).
Hazard rates for clustered populations of David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus
Milne-Edwards, 1866). Animal science papers and reports. 26(2): 141-151. |
|
|
|
|
|
Rucervus |
schomburgki |
|
Schomburgk's deer, swamp deer |
Thailand, Lao People's Democratic Republic |
Extinct |
1932 |
Habitat loss, hunted for antlers |
Terrestrial |
Swampy plains with long grass, cane, and shrubs |
Unknown |
Possible medicinal properties (Antlers found in tradional
medicine shop) |
|
|
|
|
|
HIPPOPOTAMIDAE |
Hippopotamus |
madagascariensis |
|
Madagascan pygmy hippopotamus, common Malagasy hippo |
Madagascar: Central highlands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat modification and hunting |
Freshwater |
Freshwater rivers |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Grubb, P. (1993). The afrotropical hippopotamuses
Hippopotamus and Hexaprotodon: Taxonomy and description. Pigs, peccaries, and
hippos. 41-43. |
|
|
|
|
Hippopotamus |
lemerlei |
|
Malagasy dwarf hippopotamus, Lemerle's Malagasy hippo |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat modification and hunting |
Freshwater |
Coastal |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Grubb, P. (1993). The afrotropical hippopotamuses
Hippopotamus and Hexaprotodon: Taxonomy and description. Pigs, peccaries, and
hippos. 41-43. |
|
|
|
CHIROPTERA |
PHYLLOSTOMIDAE |
Desmodus |
draculae |
|
Giant Vampire Bat |
Brazil, Venezuela |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
PTEROPODIDAE |
Pteropus |
subniger |
|
Dark flying fox, Réunion flying fox, chauvre souris banane |
Réunion, Mauritius |
Extinct |
1873 |
Deforestation and Local Hunting |
Terrestrial |
Trees and Rocks |
Bat Oil |
Unknown |
Bastian, S.T, Tanaka, K. et al (2002). Evolutionary
relationships of flying foxes (genus Pteropus) in the Philippines inferred
from DNA sequences of cytochrome b gene. Biochemical
Genetics. 40:101-116. |
|
|
|
|
Pteropus |
brunneus |
|
Percy Island Flying Fox, Dusky Flying Fox |
Australia, Percy Islands and Queensland |
Extinct |
1874 |
Habitat Loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Bat Oil |
Unknown |
Menkhorst, Peter (2001). A Field Guide
to the Mammals of Australia. Oxford University
Press. p. 108. |
|
|
|
|
Pteropus |
pilosus |
|
Large Palau flying fox |
Palau |
Extinct |
1874 |
Hunting for food and habitat loss |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Pteropus |
tokudae |
|
Guam flying fox |
Guam |
Extinct |
1968 |
Hunting, introduction of the Brown Tree Snake |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
DASYUROMORPHIA |
THYLACINIDAE |
Thylacinus |
cynocephalus |
|
Thylacine, Tasmanian wolf, Tasmanian tiger |
Australia |
Extinct |
1933 |
Exterminated to protect sheep populations and introduction of
non-native species i.e. dogs |
Terrestrial |
Open forest or grassland |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Pearce, R (1976).Thylacines in Tasmania. Australian
Mammal Society Bulletin 3: 58. |
|
|
|
DIDELPHIMORPHIA |
DIDELPHIDAE |
Cryptonanus |
ignites |
|
Red-bellied Gracile Mouse Opossum, Red-bellied Gracile
Opossum |
Argentina: Jujuy |
Extinct |
1962 |
Agricultural, technological development, cattle ranching,
deforestation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Gardner, A. (2005). Page 3-18 in D. E. Wilson and D. M.
Reeder (eds). Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press. |
|
|
|
DIPROTODONTIA |
MACROPODIDAE |
Lagorchestes |
asomatus |
|
Central hare-wallaby, pukurl-pukurl |
Australia: Lake Mackay |
Extinct |
1932 |
Introduction of non-native species: cats and foxes |
Terrestrial |
Desert sand plains and dunes with spinifex (Triodia) hummock grassland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Menkhorst, Peter (2001). A Field Guide
to the Mammals of Australia. Oxford University
Press. p. 108. |
|
|
|
|
Lagorchestes |
leporides |
|
Eastern hare-wallaby, turatt |
Australia: New South Wales. |
Extinct |
1890 |
Habitat alteration by domestic cattle, and removal of regular
winter burnings. |
Terrestrial |
Open grassland plains |
Food source |
Unknown |
Flannery, T. and Schouten, P. (2001). A
Gap in Nature: Discovering the World's Extinct Animals. Atlantic Monthly Press, New York. |
|
|
|
|
Macropus |
greyi |
|
Toolache wallaby |
Australia: South Eastern |
Extinct |
1924 |
Introduced predators, competition from livestock, hunting,
and killing for pelt |
Terrestrial |
Grassy areas |
Pelt |
Unknown |
Menkhorst, P. (2001). A Field Guide to
the Mammals of Australia. Oxford University
Press. p. 108. |
|
|
|
|
Onychogalea |
lunata |
|
Crescent nailtail wallaby, wurrung |
Australia: Western and Central |
Extinct |
1950's |
Introduction of non-native species: foxes and cats, and
rabbits |
Terrestrial |
Open woodland, stony hills, mulga country |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
|
POTOROIDAE |
Bettongia |
pusilla |
|
Nullarbor Dwarf Bettong |
Australia: The Nullarbor Plain |
Extinct |
<1500AD |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
|
Caloprymnus |
campestris |
|
Desert rat-kangaroo, oolacunta |
Australia |
Extinct |
1935 |
Habitat alteration and introduced predators: cats and foxes |
Terrestrial |
Gibber plains, clay pans, and sandridges |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
|
Potorous |
platyops |
|
Broad-faced potoroo |
Australia |
Extinct |
1875 |
Introduction of non-native species: feral cats and possibly
disease |
Terrestrial |
Forested Areas |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Menkhorst, Peter (2001). A Field Guide
to the Mammals of Australia. Oxford University
Press. p. 108. |
|
|
|
EULIPOTYPHLA |
NESOPHONTIDAE |
Nesophontes |
edithae |
|
Edith's nesophont, Edith's island-shrew |
Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands. |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McFarlene, D.A., and Keck, W.M. (1999). A note on dimorphism
in Nesophontes edithae (Mammalia: Insectivora), an extinct island-shrew from
Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science. 35:142-143. |
|
|
|
|
Nesophontes |
hypomicrus |
|
Atalaye nesophont |
Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Predation by and competition with rats, cats, and dogs, and
habitat destruction |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Whidden, H.P, and Wood, C.A. (2000). Assessment of sexual
dimorphism in the antillean insectivoran Nesophontes. American
Zoologist. 40(6):1257. |
|
|
|
|
Nesophontes |
major |
|
Greater Cuban nesophont |
Cuba |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Nesophontes |
micrus |
|
Western Cuban nesophont |
Cuba |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats and cultivation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Nesophontes |
paramicrus |
|
Saint Michel nesophont |
Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Nesophontes |
zamicrus |
|
Haitian nesophont |
Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
SOLENODONTIDAE |
Solenodon |
marcanoi |
|
Marcano's solenodon |
Dominican Republic |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats |
Terrestrial |
Forests and occasionally plantations |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
LAGOMORPHIA |
PROLAGIDAE |
Prolagus |
sardus |
|
Sardinian pika |
France/Italy Corsica and Sardinia |
Extinct |
1777 |
Hunting, competition with domestic animals, anthropogenic
modification and introduction of new predators |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source. |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
PERAMELEMORPHIA |
CHAEROPODIDAE |
Chaeropus |
ecaudatus |
|
Pigfooted bandicoot, boorda |
Australia |
Extinct |
1901 |
Introduction of non-native species: cats, sheep. Disease and
agriculture. |
Terrestrial |
Semi-arid and arid areas |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
|
PERAMELIDAE |
Perameles |
eremiana |
|
Desert bandicoot, orange-backed bandicoot, iwurra, waliya |
Australia |
Extinct |
1943 |
Introduction of non-native species: cats and foxes. Changes
to the fire regime. |
Terrestrial |
Spinifex grassland areas in arid, sandy areas |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
|
THYLACOMYIDAE |
Macrotis |
leucura |
|
Lesser bilby, rabbit-eared bandicoot |
Australia |
Extinct |
1931 |
Introduction of non-native species: cats, foxes, rabbits. |
Terrestrial |
Sandy and loamy deserts with Triodia hummock grassland and
sparse low trees and shrubs |
Unknown |
Unknown |
McNamara, J.A. (1997). Some smaller macropod fossils of South
Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New
South Wales. 117:97-106. |
|
|
|
PERISSODACTYLA |
EQUIDAE |
Equus |
quagga |
quagga |
Quagga |
South Africa |
Extinct |
1883 |
Hunted for meat and leather |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source and leather |
Unknown |
Leonard, J. A., Rohland, N., Glabermann, S., Fleischer, R.,
Caccone, G. and Hofreiter, M. (2005)
A rapid loss of stripes: the evolutionary origin of the extinct quagga. Biology Letters , 1 (3),
291-295. |
|
|
|
PRIMATES |
PALAEOPROPITHECIDAE |
Palaeopropithecus |
ingens |
|
Large sloth lemur |
Madagascar |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
PITHECIIDAE |
Xenothrix |
mcgregori |
|
Jamaican monkey |
Jamaica |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Ford, S. M. and G. S. Morgan, (1986). A new ceboid femur from
Late Pleistocene of Jamaica. J. Verteb. Paleontol. 6:281-289. |
|
|
|
RODENTIA |
ABROCOMIDAE |
Cuscomys |
oblativa |
|
Unknown |
Peru |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Hunting |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Emmons, L.H. (1999). A new genus and species of abrocomid
rodent from Peru (Rodentia: Abrocomidae). American
Museum Novitates. 3279:1-14. |
|
|
|
|
CAPROMYIDAE |
Geocapromys |
columbianus |
|
Cuban Coney |
Cuba |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Predation. |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Geocapromys |
thoracatus |
|
Little Swan Island Hutia, Swan Island Hutia |
Honduras |
Extinct |
1950's |
Predation by cats, and possible hurricane. |
Terrestrial |
Scrub thicket on coral atoll |
Food source |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Hexolobodon |
phenax |
|
Imposter Hutia |
Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Isolobodon |
montanus |
|
Montane Hutia |
Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Possibly due to rats. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Isolobodon |
portoricensis |
|
Puerto Rican Hutia |
Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, U.S |
Extinct |
1900's |
Introduction of mongooses and rats, also hunted by Arawak
Indians. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Flemming, C., and MacPhee, R.D.E. (1999). Redetermination of
holotype of Isolobodon portoricensis (Rodentia, Capromyidae), with notes on
recent mammalian extinctions in Puerto Rico. American
Museum Novitates. 3278:1-11. |
|
|
|
|
Plagiodontia |
ipnaeum |
|
Samana Hutia |
Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
European settlers. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
CHINCHILLIDAE |
Lagostomus |
crassus |
|
Unknown |
Peru |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
CRICETIDAE |
Juscelinomys |
candango |
|
Candango Mouse |
Brazil |
Extinct |
1960 |
Habitat destruction e.g. converted to city. |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Emmons, L.H. (1999). A new genus and species of abrocomid
rodent from Peru (Rodentia: Abrocomidae). American
Museum Novitates. 3279:1-14. |
|
|
|
|
Megalomys |
desmarestii |
|
Desmarest’s Pilorie, Antillean Giant Rice Rat |
Martinique |
Extinct |
1897 |
Introduction of mongoose, perhaps eruption of Mt. Pele in
1902 |
Terrestrial |
Forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Megalomys |
luciae |
|
Santa Lucian Pilorie, Santa Lucia Giant Rice Rat |
Saint Lucia |
Extinct |
1881 |
Presumably mongoose introductions |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Megaoryzomys |
curioi |
|
Galapágos Giant Rat |
Galápagos Islands |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Numerous invasive species. |
Terrestrial |
Shrub forest. |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Neotoma |
anthonyi |
|
Anthony's Woodrat |
Mexico: Todos Los Santos Islands in Baja California Norte |
Extinct |
1926 |
Predation by feral cats |
Terrestrial |
Coastal Scrub, Sea
Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cortes-Calva, P. et al. (2001). Neotoma anthonyi Allen, 1898:
Anthony's wood rat. Mammalian Species. 663:1-3. |
|
|
|
|
Neotoma |
bunkeri |
|
Bunkers Woodrat, Bunker's Woodrat, Coronados Island Woodrat |
Mexico: Baja California Sur, Coronados Island |
Extinct |
1931 |
Resource competition and predation from feral cats |
Terrestrial |
Desert, Temperate. |
Food source |
Unknown |
Alvarez-Castaneda, S.T and Ortega-Rubio, A. (2003). Current
status of rodents on islands in the Gulf of California. Biological
Conservation. 109(2):157-163. |
|
|
|
|
Neotoma |
martinensis |
|
San Martin Island Woodrat |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1950s |
Predation by feral cats |
Terrestrial |
Upper Sonoran life zone, and the coastal scrub, caves and
crevices |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Knowlton, J.L. et al. (2007). Eradication of non-native
mammals and the status of insular mammals on the California Channel Islands,
USA, and Pacific Baja California Peninsula Islands, Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist. 52(4):
528-540. |
|
|
|
|
Nesoryzomys |
darwini |
|
Darwin's Galapagos Mouse |
Galápagos Islands |
Extinct |
1930 |
The introduction of the black rat (Rattus rattus) |
Terrestrial |
Forest, Shrubland and Subtropical Moist Shrubland |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Dowler, R.C. et al. (2000). Rediscovery of rodents (Genus
Nesoryzomys) considered extinct in the Galapagos Islands. ORYX. 34(2):109-117. |
|
|
|
|
Nesoryzomys |
indefessus |
|
Indefatigable Galapagos Mouse |
Galápagos Islands |
Extinct |
1934 |
The introduction of the black rat (Rattus rattus) |
Terrestrial |
Forest, Shrubland and Subtropical Moist Shrubland |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Dowler, R.C. et al. (2000). Rediscovery of rodents (Genus
Nesoryzomys) considered extinct in the Galapagos Islands.
ORYX. 34(2):109-117. |
|
|
|
|
Noronhomys |
vespuccii |
|
Unknown |
Brazil |
Extinct |
1503 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Beach Dunes |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Oligoryzomys |
victus |
|
St Vincent Pygmy Rice Rat, St. Vincent Pygmy Rice Rat |
Saint Vincent, Grenadines |
Extinct |
1892 |
Black rats, brown rats, and mongoose |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Oryzomys |
antillarum |
|
Jamaican Rice Rat |
Jamaica |
Extinct |
1877 |
Introduction of mongoose |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Weksler, M., A. R. Percequillo, and R.S. Voss. (2006). Ten
new genera of oryzomyine rodents (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). American Museum Novitates
3537:1-29. |
|
|
|
|
Oryzomys |
nelsoni |
|
Nelson's Rice Rat, Tres Marias Island Rice Rat |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1897 |
Introduction of Rattus rattus |
Terrestrial |
Damp areas near springs |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Peromyscus |
pembertoni |
|
Pemberton's Deer Mouse |
Mexico |
Extinct |
1931 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Flannery, Tim and Schouten, Peter (2001). A
Gap in Nature: Discovering the World's Extinct Animals. Atlantic Monthly Press, New York |
|
|
|
ECHIMYIDAE |
Boromys |
offella |
|
Oriente Cave Rat |
Cuba |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Possibly due to rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Boromys |
torrei |
|
Torre’s Cave Rat, Torre's Cave Rat |
Cuba |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Possibly due to rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds). (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic
reference. Second edition. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington and London. |
|
|
|
|
Brotomys |
voratus |
|
Hispaniolan Edible Rat |
Dominican Republic, Haiti |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Introduction of rats and hunting by Arawak Indians |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
McFarlane, D.A. et al. (2000). New specimens of late
quaternary extinct mammals from caves in Sanchez Ramirez Province, Dominican
Republic. Carribean Journal of Science. 36(1-2):163-166. |
|
|
|
|
Heteropsomys |
insulans |
|
Insular Cave Rat |
Puerto Rico |
Extinct |
<1500 |
Possibly rats |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
MURIDAE |
Conilurus |
albipes |
|
White-footed rabbit-rat, white-footed tree rat |
Australia |
Extinct |
1875 |
Habitat disruption and predation by cats |
Terrestrial |
Eucalyptus woodland |
Food source |
Unknown |
Seebeck, J. and Menkhorst, P. (2000). Status and conservation
of the rodents of Victoria. Wildlife Research. 27(4):357-369. |
|
|
|
|
Coryphomys |
buehleri |
|
Buhler's rat, Timor giant rat |
Indonesia: East Timor |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
Notomys |
amplus |
|
Short-tailed hopping mouse |
Australia: South and Northern Territory |
Extinct |
1896 |
Predation by feral cats and foxes |
Terrestrial |
Arid areas |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Notomys |
longicaudatus |
|
Long -tailed hopping mouse |
Australia |
Extinct |
1902 |
Predation by feral cats and foxes |
Terrestrial |
Arid and semi-arid areas, woodlands, hummock grassland, and
low scrubland |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Notomys |
macrotis |
|
Big-eared hopping mouse |
Australia |
Extinct |
1844 |
May have suffered predation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Notomys |
mordax |
|
Darling Downs hopping mouse |
Australia |
Extinct |
1840 |
May have suffered predation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Pseudomys |
glaucus |
|
Blue-grey Mouse, Blue-gray Mouse |
Australia: Queensland and northern New South Wales |
Extinct |
1956 |
Habitat loss and predation |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Pseudomys |
gouldii |
|
Gould's mouse, white-footed mouse; kurn-dyne |
Australia |
Extinct |
1857 |
Predation by feral cats |
Terrestrial |
Sandhills and plains |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cole, J.R. and Woinarski, J.C.R. (2000). Rodents of the arid
Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution. Wildlife
Research. 27(4):437-449. |
|
|
|
|
Rattus |
macleari |
|
Maclear's rat, Maclear's Christmas Island rat |
Christmas Island |
Extinct |
1903 |
Disease brought in by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
Pickering, J. and Norris, C. A. (1996). New evidence
concerning the extinction of the endemic murid Rattus macleari from Christmas
Island, Indian Ocean. Australian Mammalogy. 19:19-25. |
|
|
|
|
Rattus |
nativitatis |
|
Bulldog rat |
Christmas Island |
Extinct |
1903 |
Disease brought in by introduced rats |
Terrestrial |
Tropical moist forest |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
SIRENIA |
DUGONGIDAE |
Hydrodamalis |
gigas |
|
Steller's Sea Cow |
Bering Sea |
Extinct |
1768 |
Hunting |
Marine |
Shallow cold waters |
Meat and Leather |
Unknown |
Turvey, S.T. and Risley, C.L. (2006). Modelling the
extinction of Steller's sea cow. Biology Letters. 2(1):94-97. |
|
|
REPTILA |
SQUAMATA |
ANGUIDAE |
Celestus |
occiduus |
|
Jamaica Giant Galliwasp |
Jamaica |
Extinct |
1840 |
Introduction of predatory species (e.g. mongooses) |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Skin |
Medicinal properties |
|
|
|
|
BOIDAE |
Bolyeria |
multocarinata |
|
Round Island Burrowing Boa |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1975 |
Soil erosion and decline in habitat quality |
Terrestrial |
Palm groves |
Skin |
Medicinal properties |
Korzos, Z., and Trocsanyi, B. (2002). Herpetofauna of Round
Island, Mauritius. Biota.
3(1-2): 77-84. |
|
|
|
COLUBRIDAE |
Alsophis |
sanctaecrucis |
|
Saint Croix Racer |
US: Virgin Islands |
Extinct |
1994 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Skin |
Medicinal properties |
Henderson, R.W. and Powell, R. (1996). Reptilia: Squamata:
Serpentes: Colubridae: Alsophis ater. Catalogue of
American Amphibians and Reptiles. 633: 1-2. |
|
|
|
CORDYLIDAE |
Tetradactylus |
eastwoodae |
|
Eastwood's Longtailed Seps, Eastwood's Whip Lizard |
South Africa: Limpopo Province |
Extinct |
1913 |
Excessive burning of habitat |
Terrestrial |
Montane grassland |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
GEKKONIDAE |
Hoplodactylus |
delcourti |
|
Unknown |
New Zealand |
Extinct |
1850's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Bauer, A.M, and Russell, A.P. (1986). Hoplodactylus-Delcourti
N-Sp (Reptilla, Gekkonidae), The Largest Known Gecko. New
Zealand Journal of Zoology. 13 (1): 141-148. |
|
|
|
Phelsuma |
gigas |
|
Gecko Diurne Géant De Rodrigues, Phelsume De Géant Rodrigues |
Mauritius: Rodrigues |
Extinct |
1800's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Liénard (1842). Rapport de la Société
d'Histoire Naturelle de Maurice, (13):55-57. |
|
|
|
SCINCIDAE |
Leiolopisma |
mauritiana |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1600 |
Introduction of predatory species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Justin, J.J. & Arnold, E.N. (2006): Using ancient and
recent DNA to explore relationships of extinct and endangered Leiolopisma skinks (Reptilia:
Scincidae) in the Mascarene islands. Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 503–511. |
|
|
|
Macroscincus |
coctei |
|
Cape Verde Giant Skink, Cocteau's Skink |
Cape Verde |
Extinct |
1900's |
Hunting and severe droughts |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Medicinal properties e.g. fat used for medicine. |
Austin, C.C. (1995). Molecular and morphological evolution in
south Pacific lizards. Herpetologica: 291-300. |
|
|
|
Tachygia |
microlepis |
|
Tonga Ground Skink |
Tonga |
Extinct |
1994 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
TEIIDAE |
Ameiva |
cineracea |
|
Unknown |
Guadeloupe |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Skin |
Medicinal properties |
|
|
|
|
Ameiva |
major |
|
Martinique Giant Ameiva |
Martinique |
Extinct |
1996 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Skin |
Medicinal properties |
|
|
|
|
TROPIDURIDAE |
Leiocephalus |
eremitus |
|
Unknown |
United States. |
Extinct |
1900 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Powell, R. (1999). Herpetology of Navassa
Island, West Indies. Caribbean
Journal of Science. 35 (1-2) 1-13. |
|
|
|
Leiocephalus |
herminieri |
|
Unknown |
Martinique |
Extinct |
1830's |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Albert Schwartz & Robert W. Henderson (1991). Amphibians
and Reptiles of the West Indies: Descriptions, Distributions, and Natural
History. University Press of Florida. |
|
|
|
TYPHLOPIDAE |
Typhlops |
cariei |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1600's |
Introduction of predatory species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source, Skin |
Unknown |
McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. (1999). Snake Species of
the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists'
League. |
|
|
TESTUDINES |
GEOEMYDIDAE |
Cuora |
yunnanensis |
|
Yunnan Box Turtle |
China |
Extinct |
1906 |
Urbanisation |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
He, J., Zhou, T. et al. (2007). Molecular identification and
phylogenetic position of Cuora yunnanensis. Chinese
Science Bulletin. 52(23): 3305-3309. |
|
|
|
PELOMEDUSIDAE |
Pelusios |
seychellensis |
|
Seychelles Black Terrapin, Seychelles Mud Turtle, Seychelles
Terrapin |
Seychelles |
Extinct |
1895 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Gerlach, J. (2008). Fragmentation and demography as causes of
population decline in Seychelles freshwater turtles (Genus Pelusios). Chelonian Conservation and Biology.
7(1):78-87. |
|
|
|
TESTUDINIDAE |
Cylindraspis |
indica |
|
Réunion Giant Tortoise |
Réunion |
Extinct |
1800 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cylindraspis |
inepta |
|
Saddle-backed Mauritius Giant Tortoise |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Hunting pressures, introduction of predators and competitive
species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cylindraspis |
peltastes |
|
Domed Rodrigues Giant Tortoise |
Mauritius: Rodrigues |
Extinct |
1800 |
Hunting pressures, direct habitat alteration, introduction of
predators and competitive species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cylindraspis |
triserrata |
|
Domed Mauritius Giant Tortoise |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1700's |
Hunting pressures, direct habitat alteration, introduction of
predators and competitive species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Cylindraspis |
vosmaeri |
|
Saddle-backed Rodrigues Giant Tortoise |
Mauritius: Rodrigues |
Extinct |
1800 |
Hunting pressures, direct habitat alteration, introduction of
predators and competitive species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Geochelone |
nigra |
abingdoni |
Abingdon Island Tortoise, Lonesome George |
Galápagos |
Extinct in the wild |
1970 |
Over exploitation and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Chambers, Paul. (2004). A Sheltered
Life: The Unexpected History of the Giant Tortoise.
John Murray (Publishers), London. |
|
|
|
Geochelone |
nigra |
duncanensis |
Duncan Island Tortoise |
Galápagos |
Extinct in the wild |
Unknown |
Over exploitation and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Chambers, Paul. (2004). A Sheltered Life: The Unexpected
History of the Giant Tortoise. John Murray (Publishers), London. |
|
|
|
Geochelone |
nigra |
galapagoensis |
Charles Island Tortoise |
Galápagos |
Extinct |
1840's |
Over exploitation and introduced species |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Chambers, Paul. (2004). A Sheltered
Life: The Unexpected History of the Giant Tortoise.
John Murray (Publishers), London. |
|
|
|
TRIONYCHIDAE |
Aspideretes |
nigricans |
|
Black Soft-shell Turtle |
Bangladesh |
Extinct in the wild |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial; Freshwater |
Semi-aquatic |
Food source |
Unknown |
Praschag, P. & Gemel, R. (2002). Identity of the black
softshell turtle Aspideretes nigricans (Anderson 1875) with remarks on
related species. Faun. Abh. Mus. Tierk. Dresden 23: 87-116. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MOLLUSCA |
BIVALVIA |
UNIONOIDA |
UNIONIDAE |
Alasmidonta |
mccordi |
|
Coosa Elktoe |
United States: |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Clarke, A.H. (1985). The tribe Alasmidontini (Unionidae:
Anodontinae). Part II: Lasmigona and Simpsonaias. Smithsonian Contributions to
Zoology. 399: 1-75. |
|
|
|
|
Alasmidonta |
robusta |
|
Carolina Elktoe |
United States |
Extinct |
2002 |
Habitat loss |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Clarke, A.H. (1981). The tribe Alasmidontini (Unionidae:
Anodontinae), Part I: Pegias,
Alasmidonta, and Arcidens. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.
326: 1-101. |
|
|
|
|
Alasmidonta |
wrightiana |
|
Ochlockonee Arcmussel |
United States: Florida |
Extinct |
1931 |
Pollution and habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Clarke, A.H. (1981). The tribe Alasmidontini (Unionidae:
Anodontinae), Part I: Pegias,
Alasmidonta, and Arcidens. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.
326: 1-101. |
|
|
|
|
|
Elliptio |
nigella |
|
Recovery Pearly Mussel, Winged Spike |
United States: Alabama, Georgia |
Extinct |
1958 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Brim Box, J. and J.D. Williams. (2000). Unionid mollusks of
the Apalachicola Basin in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. Alabama
Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 21: 1-143. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
arcaeformis |
|
Arc-form Pearly Mussel, Sugarspoon |
United States: Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1940 |
Damming along river system |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Burch, J.B. (1975). Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca:
Pelecypoda) of North America. Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
biemarginata |
|
Angled Riffleshell |
United States: Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1940 |
Damming along river system |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
flexuosa |
|
Arcuate Pearly Mussel, Leafshell |
United States: Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio,
Tennessee |
Extinct |
1900 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
florentina |
florentina |
Yellow Riffleshell, Yellow-blossom, Yellow-blossom Pearly
Mussel |
United States: Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia |
Extinct |
1971 |
Habitat destruction, modification and pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Bogan, A.E. and P.W. Parmalee. (1983). Tennessee's rare
wildlife. Vol. 2: The mollusks. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency and the
Tennessee Conservation Department. 123 pp. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
haysiana |
|
Acorn Pearly Mussel, Acornshell |
United States: Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia |
Extinct |
1970's |
Pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
lenior |
|
Narrow Catspaw, Stone's Pearly Mussel |
United States: Alabama, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1965 |
Habitat destruction and deterioration |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
lewisii |
|
Forkshell, Lewis Pearly Mussel |
United States: Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1900's |
Pollution and habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
personata |
|
Fine-rayed Pearly Mussel, Round Combshell |
United States: Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1800's |
Damming along river system |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
propinqua |
|
Nearby Pearly Mussel, Tennessee Riffleshell |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Damming along river system |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
sampsonii |
|
Sampson's Naiad, Sampson's Pearly Mussel, Sampson's
Riffleshell, Wabash Riffleshell |
United States: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cummings, K.S. and C.A. Mayer. (1992). Field Guide to
Freshwater Mussels of the Midwest. Illinois Natural History Survey Manual 5,
Illinois. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
stewardsonii |
|
Cumberland Leafshell, Steward's Pearly Mussel |
United States |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cicerello, R.R. and G.A. Schuster. (2003). A guide to the
freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series. 7: 1-62. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
torulosa |
gubernaculum |
Green Riffle Shell, Green-blossom, Green-blossom Naiad,
Green-blossom Pearly Mussel |
United States |
Extinct |
1980's |
Habitat dredging, farming, logging, road construction, and
pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Harmon, J.L. (1992). Naiades (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of Sugar
Creek, east fork White River drainage, in central Indiana. Malacology Data Net, 3(1-4):
31-42. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
torulosa |
torulosa |
Tubercled Blossom, Tubercled-blossom Pearly Mussel,
Turberculed Riffle Shell |
Canada, United States: Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky,
Ohio, Tennessee, West Virginia |
Extinct |
1969 |
Damming on river systems, dredging and creation of navigation
pool |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Taylor, R.W. and K.J. Horn. (1983). A list of freshwater
mussels suggested for designation as rare, endangereed or threatened in West
Virginia. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of
Science (Biology Section). 54: 31-34. |
|
|
|
Epioblasma |
turgidula |
|
Turgid Riffle Shell, Turgid-blossom, Turgid-blossom Naiad,
Turgid-blossom Pearly Mussel |
United States |
Extinct |
1960's |
Pollution and habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Gordon, M.E. and J.B. Layzer. (1989). Mussels (Bivalvia:
Unionoidea) of the Cumberland River review of life histories and ecological
relationships. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological
Report. 89(15): 1-99. |
|
|
|
Lampsilis |
binominata |
|
Lined Pocketbook |
United States |
Extinct |
1980's |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
Medionidus |
mcglameriae |
|
Tombigbee Moccasinshell |
United States |
Extinct |
1935 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Burch, J.B. (1975). Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca:
Pelecypoda) of North America. Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
altum |
|
Highnut |
United States |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
avellanum |
|
Hazel Pigtoe |
United States |
Extinct |
1900's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
bournianun |
|
Scioto Pigtoe |
United States |
Extinct |
1800's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
flavidulum |
|
Yellow Pigtoe |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat destruction |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Burch, J.B. (1975). Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca:
Pelecypoda) of North America. Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
hagleri |
|
Brown Pigtoe |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Burch, J.B. (1975). Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca:
Pelecypoda) of North America. Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
hanleyianum |
|
Georgia Pigtoe |
United States: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river and pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Lefevre, G. and W.T. Curtis. (1912). Studies on the
reproduction and artificial propogation of fresh-water mussels. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries.
30: 102-201. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
johannis |
|
Alabama Pigtoe |
United States: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
murrayense |
|
Coosa Pigtoe |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat loss and degradation |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
nucleopsis |
|
Longnut |
United States |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
rubellum |
|
Warrior Pigtoe |
United States: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Damming removed its habitat |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
taitianum |
|
Heavy Pigtoe, Judge Tait's Mussel |
United States: Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss and degradation |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
troschelianum |
|
Alabama Clubshell |
United States: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river and pollution |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Moyle, P. and J. Bacon. (1969). Distribution and abundance of
molluscs in a fresh water environment. Journal of the
Minnesota Academy of Science, 35(2/3): 82-85. |
|
|
|
Pleurobema |
verum |
|
True Pigtoe |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
Williams, J. D, M. L. Warren, K. S., et al. (1993).
Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries. 18 (9): 6–22. |
|
|
|
Unio |
cariei |
|
Réunion Freshwater Mussel |
Réunion |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Unknown |
|
|
GASTROPODA |
ARCHAEOGASTROPODA |
LOTTIDAE |
Lottia |
alveus |
|
Eelgrass Limpet |
United States |
Extinct |
1929 |
Habitat loss |
Marine |
Eel grass |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Carlton, J.T. et al. (1991). The first historical extinction
of a marine invertebrate in an ocean basin: The demise of the eelgrass limpet
Lottia alveus. The biological bulliten. 180: 72-80. |
|
|
|
NACELLIDAE |
Collisella |
edmitchelli |
|
Unknown |
United States |
Extinct |
1860's |
Unknown |
Marine |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn, Jr. et al. (1998). Common and
scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada:
Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26,
Bethesda, Maryland. |
|
|
BASOMMATOPHORA |
ANCYLIDAE |
Rhodacme |
filosa |
|
Wicker Ancylid |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
PHYSIDAE |
Physella |
microstriata |
|
Fish Lake Physa |
United States: Utah |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
PLANORBIDAE |
Amphigyra |
alabamensis |
|
Shoal Sprite |
United States: Utah |
Extinct |
1900's |
Damming of river |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Albrecht, C., K. Kuhn, and B. Streit. (2007). A molecular
phylogeny of Planorboidea (Gastropoda, Pulmonata): insights from enhanced
taxon sampling. Zoologica Scripta. 36: 27-39. |
|
|
|
Neoplanorbis |
carinatus |
|
Carinate Flat-top Snail |
United States |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Neoplanorbis |
smithi |
|
Angled Flat-top Snail |
United States |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Neoplanorbis |
umbilicatus |
|
Umbilicate Flat-top Snail |
United States |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
River |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Planorbella |
multivolvis |
|
Acorn Rams-horn |
United States: Michigan |
Extinct |
1907 |
Water quality change and introduction of non-native snail and
fish species |
Freshwater |
Lake |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
MESOGASTROPODA |
ASSIMINEIDAE |
Omphalotropis |
plicosa |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Marine |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Florens, F.B.V. and Balder, C. (2007). Relocation of
Omphalotropis plicosa (Pfeiffer, 1852), a Mauritian endemic landsnail
believed extinct. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 73:205-206. |
|
|
|
CYCLOPHORIDAE |
Cyclophorus |
horridulum |
|
Unknown |
Mayotte |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat loss |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Cyclophorus |
mariei |
|
Unknown |
Mayotte |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat loss |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
HYDROBIIDAE |
Angrobia |
dulvertonensis |
|
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Beddomeia |
tumida |
|
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Belgrandiella |
intermedia |
|
Unknown |
Austria |
Extinct |
1996 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Bythinella |
intermedia |
|
Unknown |
Austria |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Clappia |
cahabensis |
|
Cahaba Pebblesnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1965 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
River shoal |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Clappia |
umbilicata |
|
Umbilicate Pebblesnail |
United States |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
River bed |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Graecoanatolica |
macedonica |
|
Unknown |
Greece, Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat loss through water abstraction |
Freshwater |
Sandy and stony substrates |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Ryan, S. and Griffiths, H.I. (2001). The
decline and probable extinction of Graecoanatolica macedonica (Gastropoda:
Orientallnidae) in Balkan Lake Dorjan. Journal of Conchology. 37:261-265. |
|
|
|
Littoridina |
gaudichaudii |
|
Unknown |
Ecuador |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Ohridohauffenia |
drimica |
|
Unknown |
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Lakes |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Posticobia |
norfolkensis |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Pyrgulopsis |
nevadensis |
|
Corded Purg |
United States: Nevada |
Extinct |
1900's |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Pyrgulopsis |
olivacea |
|
Olive Marstonia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1900's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Somatogyrus |
alcoviensis |
|
Reverse Pebblesnail |
United States: Georgia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Restricted distribution and habitat change |
Freshwater |
Boulders and gravel |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Somatogyrus |
amnicoloides |
|
Oachita Pebblesnail |
United States: Arkansas |
Extinct |
1980 |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Somatogyrus |
crassilabris |
|
Thick-lipped Pebblesnail |
United States: Arkansas |
Extinct |
1980's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Somatogyrus |
wheeleri |
|
Channeled Pebblesnail |
United States: Arkansas |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Habitat loss |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
LITTORINIDIDAE |
Littoraria |
flammea |
|
Unknown |
China |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Marine |
Shore species |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Reid D.G. (1999). The genus Littoraria. Veliger. 42:
21–53. |
|
|
|
NEOCYCLOTIDAE |
Amphicyclotulus |
guadeloupensis |
|
Unknown |
Guadeloupe |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Incerticyclus |
cinereus |
|
Unknown |
Martinique |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
Incerticyclus |
martinicensis |
|
Unknown |
Martinique |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
|
|
|
PLEUROCERIDAE |
Athearnia |
crassa |
|
Boulder Snail |
United States: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia |
Extinct |
1990's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Along river edge |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Dillon, R.T., Jr. and S.A. Ahlstedt. (1997). Verification of
the specific status of the endangered Anthony's river snail, Athearnia anthonyi, using allozyme
electrophoresis. The Nautilus, 110(3): 97-101. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
brevis |
|
Short-spired Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
clausa |
|
Closed Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
fusiformis |
|
Fusiform Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
2004 |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
gibbera |
|
Shouldered Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
hartmaniana |
|
High-spired Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
impressa |
|
Constricted Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
jonesi |
|
Hearty Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
lachryma |
|
Nodulose Coosa River Snail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Goodrich, C. (1936). Goniobasis of the Coosa River, Alabama.
University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Miscellaneous Publications, 31:
1-60. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
laeta |
|
Ribbed Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
macglameriana |
|
Macglamery's Coosa River Snail |
United States: Alabama, Georgia |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river and pollution |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
pilsbryi |
|
Rough-lined Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
pupaeformis |
|
Pupa Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
pygmaea |
|
Pygmy Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
vanuxemiana |
|
Cobble Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Elimia |
varians |
|
Puzzle Elimia |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
excisa |
|
Excised Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
lewisii |
|
Striate Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
pagoda |
|
Pagoda Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
pumila |
|
Ribbed Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
pyramidata |
|
Pyramid Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Gyrotoma |
walkeri |
|
Round Slitshell |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Rivers |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
clipeata |
|
Agate Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
compacta |
|
Oblong Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1930's |
Unknown |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
foremanii |
|
Interrupted Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama, Georgia |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river and pollution |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
formosa |
|
Maiden Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama, Georgia |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river and pollution |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
ligata |
|
Rotund Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
lirata |
|
Lyrate Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
occultata |
|
Bigmouth Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
showalterii |
|
Coosa Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
torrefacta |
|
Squat Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
Leptoxis |
vittata |
|
Striped Rocksnail |
United States: Alabama |
Extinct |
1990's |
Damming of the Coosa river |
Freshwater |
Shoal habitat |
Food source |
Secretion used to treat skin problems |
Burch, J.B. (1989). North American Freshwater Snails.
Malacological Publications: Hamburg, Michigan. |
|
|
|
POMATIASIDAE |
Tropidophora |
desmazuresi |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Tropidophora |
semilineata |
|
Unknown |
Mayotte |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
THIARIDAE |
Aylacostoma |
chloroticum |
|
Unknown |
Argentina, Paraguay |
Extinct in the wild |
1990's |
Creation of the Yacyretá Dam |
Freshwater |
White water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Rumi, A., Gregoric, D.E.G, et al. (2006).Freshwater
Gastropoda from Argentina: Species richness, distribution patterns, and an
evaluation of endangered species. Malacolgia. 49(1):189-208. |
|
|
|
Aylacostoma |
guaraniticum |
|
Unknown |
Argentina, Paraguay |
Extinct in the wild |
1990's |
Creation of the Yacyretá Dam |
Freshwater |
White water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Rumi, A., Gregoric, D.E.G, et al. (2006).Freshwater
Gastropoda from Argentina: Species richness, distribution patterns, and an
evaluation of endangered species. Malacolgia. 49(1):189-208. |
|
|
|
Aylacostoma |
stigmaticum |
|
Unknown |
Argentina, Paraguay |
Extinct in the wild |
1990's |
Creation of the Yacyretá Dam |
Freshwater |
White water |
Food source |
Unknown |
Rumi, A., Gregoric, D.E.G, et al. (2006).Freshwater
Gastropoda from Argentina: Species richness, distribution patterns, and an
evaluation of endangered species. Malacolgia. 49(1):189-208. |
|
|
STYLOMMATOPHORA |
ACHATINELLIDAE |
Achatinella |
apexfulva |
vittata |
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1953 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
abbreviata |
|
Oahu Treesnail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1990's |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
buddii |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
bulimoides |
rosea |
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1949 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
caesia |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
casta |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
decora |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
dimorpha |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1967 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
elegans |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
juddii |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1958 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Johnson, R.I. (1996). Types of land and freshwater mollusks
from the Hawaiian islands in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard
University. 155(4): 159-214. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
juncea |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Johnson, R.I. (1996). Types of land and freshwater mollusks
from the Hawaiian islands in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard
University. 155(4): 159-214. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
lehuiensis |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1922 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
lividia |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1980's |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Johnson, R.I. (1996). Types of land and freshwater mollusks
from the Hawaiian islands in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard
University. 155(4): 159-214. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
papyracea |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1947 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Johnson, R.I. (1996). Types of land and freshwater mollusks
from the Hawaiian islands in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard
University. 155(4): 159-214. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
spaldingi |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1938 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
thaanumi |
|
Oahu Treesnail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1900's |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Achatinella |
valida |
|
Oahu Treesnail, Pupu Kuahiwi |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1951 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Auriculella |
expansa |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1960 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Auriculella |
uniplicata |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1946 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Lamellidea |
monodonta |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
|
Lamellidea |
nakadai |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Newcombia |
philippiana |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1964 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Caum, E.L. (1974). Check list of Hawaiian land and fresh
water mollusca. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop
Museum, Honolulu. 56: 1-80. |
|
|
|
Partulina |
crassa |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Caum, E.L. (1974). Check list of Hawaiian land and fresh
water mollusca. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop
Museum, Honolulu. 56: 1-80. |
|
|
|
Partulina |
montagui |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Perdicella |
fulgurans |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Perdicella |
maniensis |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Perdicella |
zebra |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Perdicella |
zebrina |
|
Achatinellid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Tornelasmias |
capricorni |
|
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
AMASTRIDAE |
Amastra |
albolabris |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
cornea |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
crassilabrum |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1951 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
elongata |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
forbesi |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
pellucida |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
porcus |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
reticulata |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
subrostrata |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
subsoror |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1946 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
tenuispira |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Amastra |
umbilicata |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
anceophila |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
bicolor |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1946 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Caum, E.L. (1974). Check list of Hawaiian land and fresh
water mollusca. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop
Museum, Honolulu. 56: 1-80. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
cochlea |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1952 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Caum, E.L. (1974). Check list of Hawaiian land and fresh
water mollusca. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop
Museum, Honolulu. 56: 1-80. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
cumingiana |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Caum, E.L. (1974). Check list of Hawaiian land and fresh
water mollusca. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop
Museum, Honolulu. 56: 1-80. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
dolei |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1952 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
evelynae |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1952 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
glossema |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
hyattiana |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
kalalauensis |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1951 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
knudseni |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
lirata |
|
Unknown |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
lymani |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
mirabilis |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
necra |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
olivacea |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
paradoxa |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
periscelis |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
pilsbryi |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
sinclairi |
|
Terrestrial Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
tenebrosa |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
pre 1945 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
Carelia |
turricula |
|
Amastrid Land Snail |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1953 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Food source |
Unknown |
Cooke, C. M. Jr. (1931). The land snail genus Carelia.
Bulletin 85. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. |
|
|
|
ARIOPHANTIDAE |
Vitrinula |
chaunax |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Vitrinula |
chichijimana |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Vitrinula |
hahajimana |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
BULIMULIDAE |
Placostylus |
cuniculinsulae |
|
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
post 1900 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Powell A. W. B. (1979).
New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New
Zealand. |
|
|
|
Placostylus |
bivaricosus |
etheridgei |
Unknown |
Australia |
Extinct |
post 1900 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Powell A. W. B. (1979).
New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New
Zealand. |
|
|
|
Tomigerus |
gibberulus |
|
Unknown |
Brazil |
Extinct |
post 1900 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Tomigerus |
turbinatus |
|
Unknown |
Brazil |
Extinct |
post 1900 |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
CAMAENIDAE |
Pleurodonte |
desidens |
|
Unknown |
Martinique |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
A.A. Schileyko, (2006). Treatise on recent terrestrial
pulmonate molluscs. Part 13. Helicidae, Pleurodontidae, Polygyridae,
Ammonitellidae, Oreohelicidae, Thysanophoridae. – Ruthenica, Suppl., 2:
1765-1906. |
|
|
|
CERASTUIDAE |
Rhachis |
comorensis |
|
Unknown |
Mayotte |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Rhachis |
sanguineus |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
CHAROPIDAE |
Helenoconcha |
leptalea |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenoconcha |
minutissima |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenoconcha |
polyodon |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenoconcha |
pseustes |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenoconcha |
sexdentata |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenodiscus |
bilamellata |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Helenodiscus |
vernoni |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Libera |
subcavernula |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Libera |
tumuloides |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
acuticosta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
consimilis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
consobrina |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
maupiensis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
parvidens |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
punctiperforata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
saintjohni |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
subtilis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
unilamellata |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Mautodontha |
zebrina |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
canalis |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
decorticata |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
harveyensis |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
otareae |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
planospira |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
proxima |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
rudis |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
tenuicostata |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Sinployea |
youngi |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Taipidon |
anceyana |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Taipidon |
marquesana |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Taipidon |
octolamellata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
ENDODONTIDAE |
Hirasea |
planulata |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Pseudohelenoconcha |
spurca |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Thaumatodon |
multilamellata |
|
Unknown |
Cook Islands |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Global Warming? |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
ENIDAE |
Pachnodus |
velutinus |
|
Unknown |
Seychelles |
Extinct |
1994 |
Range contraction |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Gerlach, J. (1994). New species of Pachnodus (Gastropoda,
Enidae) from Seychelles. Journal of Conchology. 35:167-177. |
|
|
|
EUCONULIDAE |
Caldwellia |
philyrina |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Colparion |
madgei |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius: Rodrigues |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Ctenoglypta |
newtoni |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Dupontia |
proletaria |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius, Réunion |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Pachystyla |
rufozonata |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
HELICARIONIDAE |
Advena |
campbelli |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Diastole |
matafaoi |
|
Mount Matafao Different Snail |
American Samoa |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Erepta |
nevilli |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Harmogenanina |
linophora |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius, Réunion |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Harmogenanina |
subdetecta |
|
Unknown |
Réunion |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Nancibella |
quintalia |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Panulena |
perrugosa |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Quintalia |
flosculus |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Quintalia |
stoddartii |
|
Unknown |
Norfolk Island |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
HELICIDAE |
Pseudocampylaea |
loweii |
|
Unknown |
Portugal: Madeira |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cameron, R.A.D., et al.
(2007). Chance and necessity: Land-snail faunas of Sao Miguel, Azores,
compared with those of Madeira. Journal of Molluscan
studies. 73:11-21. |
|
|
|
HYGROMIIDAE |
Trochoidea |
picardi |
|
Unknown |
Israel |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
MEGALOBULIMIDAE |
Megalobulimus |
cardosoi |
|
Unknown |
Brazil |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
OLEACINIDAE |
Oleacina |
guadeloupensis |
|
Unknown |
Guadeloupe |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
ORTHALICIDAE |
Leucocharis |
loyaltiensis |
|
Unknown |
New Caledonia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Leucocharis |
porphyrocheila |
|
Unknown |
New Caledonia |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
PARTULIDAE |
Partula |
affinis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
approximata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
arguta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
atilis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
attenuata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
aurantia |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail |
French Polynesia: Society Islands |
Extinct |
1987 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
auriculata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia: Society Islands |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
bilineata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
callifera |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
candida |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
castanea |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
cedista |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
citrina |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
compacta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
crassilabris |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
cuneata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
cytherea |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
dentifera |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extint in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
dolichostoma |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
dolorosa |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
eremita |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
exigua |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
faba |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
formosa |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
fusea |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
garretti |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
hebe |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
imperforata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
jackieburchi |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
labrusca |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
leptochila |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
levilineata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
levistriata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
lutea |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
microstoma |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
mirabilis |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
mooreana |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
nodosa |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
planilabrum |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
producta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
protea |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
protracta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
radiata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
raiatensis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
remota |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
robusta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
rustica |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
sagitta |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
salifana |
|
Mount Alifana Partula |
Guam |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
salifera |
|
Unknown |
Guam, Northern Mariana Islands |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
suturalis |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail, Sutural Partula |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
suturalis |
strigosa |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
suturalis |
suturalis |
Sutural Partula |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
suturalis |
vexillum |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
taeniata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
taeniata |
elongata |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
taeniata |
nucleola |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
taeniata |
simulans |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
taeniata |
taeniata |
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
thalia |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
tohiveana |
|
Moorean Viviparous Tree Snail |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Coote, T. Et al. (2004). Experimental release of endemic
Partula species, extinct in the wild, into a protected area of natural
habitat on Moorea. Pacific Science. 58(3):429-434. |
|
|
|
Partula |
tristis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct in the wild |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
turgida |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
umbilicata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
variabilis |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
Partula |
vittata |
|
Unknown |
French Polynesia |
Extinct |
Post 1980 |
Habitat destruction and predation from introduced Euglandina
rosea |
Terrestrial |
Arboreal (Trees) |
Food source |
Information on adaptive radiation |
Cunningham, A.A. et al. (1996). Mortality of endangered
snails of the genus Partula: Preliminary results of pathologic
investigations. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife medicine. 27:19-27. |
|
|
|
PUPILLIDAE |
Gastrocopta |
chichijimana |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Gastrocopta |
ogasawarana |
|
Unknown |
Japan: Ogasawara-shoto |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Leiostyla |
lamellosa |
|
Madeiran Land Snail |
Portugal: Madeira |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cameron, R.A.D., et al.
(2007). Chance and necessity: Land-snail faunas of Sao Miguel, Azores,
compared with those of Madeira. Journal of Molluscan studies. 73:11-21. |
|
|
|
Lyropupa |
perlonga |
|
Pupillid Land Snail (Mirapupa) |
United States: Hawaii |
Extinct |
1980 |
Introduced predators (Euglandina rosea), habitat destruction,
and over collection |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Cowie, R.H., N.L. Evenhuis, C.C. Christensen. (1995). Catalog
of the Native Land and Freshwater Molluscs of the Hawaiian Islands. Backhuys
Publishers: Leiden, The Netherlands. |
|
|
|
Nesopupa |
turtoni |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
Pupilla |
obliquicosta |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
|
|
STREPTAXIDAE |
Gibbus |
lyonetianus |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Gonidomus |
newtoni |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Gonospira |
nevilli |
|
Unknown |
Mauritius |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
Gulella |
mayottensis |
|
Unknown |
Mayotte |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397. |
|
|
|
SUBULINIDAE |
Chilonopsis |
blofeldi |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
exulatus |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
helena |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
melanoides |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
nonpareil |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
subplicatus |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
subtruncatus |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
Chilonopsis |
turtoni |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
VERTIGINIDAE |
Campolaemus |
perexilis |
|
Unknown |
Saint Helena |
Extinct |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Terrestrial |
Ground dwelling |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity
and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial
molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PLATYHELMINTHES |
TURBELLARIA |
TRICLADIDA |
KENKIIDAE |
Romankenkius |
pedderensis |
|
Lake Pedder Planarian |
Australia |
Extinct |
1972 |
Habitat modification |
Freshwater |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Slurys, R. (1997). An old problem in a new perspective: The
enigmatic evolutionary relationships of some Australian freshwater planarians
(Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola). Canadian
journal of zoology. 75(3):459-471. |
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www.endangeredspeciesinternational.org |
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